UDC 628.161.2:544.77.052.5:628.16.094.3-926.214
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.07
Pilipenko Marina, Dubina Aleksandr, Likhavitskii Vitalii
Combining ultrasonic treatment and ozonation for wastewater treatment of dyeing plants
Summary
The results of studying the efficiency of purification of model and real wastewater from dyeing and finishing works by combining ultrasonic treatment and ozonation are presented. The effect of the treatment time, ozone concentration in the gas mixture on the purification efficiency has been studied. The purification efficiency was evaluated by optical density and COD. As a result of the study up to 12% increase in the efficiency of wastewater treatment was shown while combining flotation with ozone-air mixture instead of air with ultrasonic treatment. This effect can be associated, first of all, with the dispersion of ozone-air mixture bubbles that results in an increase in the surface area, and, accordingly, in an increase in the kinetics of mass transfer – ozone dissolution.
Key words
flotation , wastewater , dye , ozone , fabric dyeing
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UDC 628.54:622.765.431.5
Antonova E. S.
Method of designing a double-chamber flotation machine
with an aeration ejection system with dispersant
Summary
A double-chamber flotation machine with an ejection system with a dispersant is considered. It is demonstrated that the use of a dispersant provides for the multimodal distribution of bubble sizes characterized by several groups. The importance of the correct choice of the process time as one of the most important parameters for the flotation unit design is noted. The method of calculating a double-chamber flotation machine with an ejection system with a dispersant with due account for the specific features of the bubble size distribution and hydrodynamic situation in chambers is proposed. The method of calculating the process time is based on the use of multistage flotation model that presents the distribution of bubbles into several groups depending on the size. The hydrodynamic situation in the chambers is taken into account by the use of equations for perfect-mixing and plug-flow reactors. The calculation of a double-chamber flotation machine with an ejection system with a dispersant for the purification of carwash wastewater was carried out. The results of calculating the parameters of the aeration system, process constants, flotation time and specific geometrical parameters of the flotation machine are presented. The presented case study demonstrates the possible use of the given method for designing the proposed flotation unit.
Key words
wastewater , flotation , ejection aeration system , dispersant , flotation model , flotation time
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UDC 628.33
Alekseyev E. V.
On using «specific flotosorption» index in flotator process design
Summary
An approach to describing the process of extracting pollutants by flotation based on the adsorption mechanism of the interaction of the participating phases is suggested. Basing on these perceptions possible determination of the flotation engineering parameters is shown. The analysis of the typical dynamics of the water treatment process in contact flotation cell models is presented. The recommendations on determining the parameters of the flotation process: flotation cell capacity and supplied gas (air) flow rate are given.
Key words
flotation , adsorption , water treatment , Langmuir isotherm , specific flotosorption
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UDC 628.316.12:628.212.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.07.05
Bobinkin V. V., Kasatochkin A. S., Larionov S. Iu., Panteleev Aleksei, Riabchikov Boris, Savenkov Pavel, Shapovalov Dmitrii, Shilov Mikhail, Kharitonov Nikolai
Pilot testing of the technology for the treatment of industrial storm water of a steelworks
Summary
Purification of industrial storm water of a complex composition to the discharge standards for fishery water bodies is a very important, but hereby, a complex and expensive task. Choosing correctly the equipment and technological process flow scheme must be carried out at the first stage of the implementation of a comprehensive project. The treatment flow scheme must include the optimal technical and economic indicators, whereas the waste generated during the treatment process must be minimally toxic and subject to landfilling. Therefore, at the first stages of the project implementation, it is important not only to calculate the treatment flow scheme, but also to conduct pilot tests to confirm or confute its effectiveness. The paper shows the stages of testing two schemes and selecting the best option that meets the customer’s requirements. It should be noted that the greatest difficulties are associated with the requirement to remove heavy metals, namely copper: its concentration in the effluent should not exceed 0.001 mg/dm3. Also noteworthy is a high concentration of oil products – more than 6 mg/dm3. As a result of the pilot tests, a new technological flow scheme for the wastewater treatment was developed, providing indicators as close as possible to the required values.
Key words
flotation , heavy metals , dynamic softening system , industrial storm water , treatment facilities , mechanical filtration , carbon filter
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UDC 628.315:663.285.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.05
Sergeev Viktor, Gotovtsev Aleksandr, Brezitskii Vladislav, Vol’skii Aleksei, Kashcheev Iurii
Winery wastewater treatment
Summary
The efficiency of an integrated approach to the treatment of winery wastewater that is household and industrial wastewater, is estimated. A process flow scheme for winery wastewater treatment is proposed. The implemented technical solutions using the basic equipment of home manufacture provide for the sustainable wastewater treatment up to the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants allowed for the discharge into fishery water bodies. The effluent can also be used in the business’s activities. The basic equipment is manufactured by Polikhim SPE of polymer materials (low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, fiberglass), which guarantees a long service life of the entire complex of the treatment facilities.
Key words
flotation , sorption , municipal and industrial wastewater , two-stage treatment flow scheme , Biokaskad biological treatment unit , anode oxidation unit
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UDC 628.3:725.42:631.227.2
Lunin S. V., Prokhorova I. V., Rudakova L. E., Melnik D. V.
Enhancement of Treatment Efficiency of Wastewater of JSC Kaluzhskaya Poultry Factory
Summary
Features of the treatment of wastewater of meat-processing industry enterprises are described using the example of JSC Kaluzhskaya Poultry Factory purifying the mix of industrial wastewater of the enterprise and household sewage of the Lev Tolstoy village. An optimal flow chart with adoption of local sewage treatment facilities after the poultry factory’s slaughter floor making it possible to enhance the efficiency of treatment is offered and substantiated. A brief description of the flow chart offered is given.
Key words
treatment facilities , utilization , reagent , flotation , high concentrated wastewater , flotation slime , dehydrator
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UDC 628.3.001.2
Ponomarev V. G., Oulanovsky Ya. B., Korolyov M. A.
Designing wastewater treatment facilities
Summary
An approach to the selection of industrial wastewater treatment technologies and design calculations is considered. The authors analyzed the advanced design solutions with specifying their drawbacks and mistakes often made. The process solutions used in installations made by Stroyengineering LLC and practically approved during the onsite operation are described.
Key words
settling , treatment facilities , wastewater , flotation , filter bed
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UDC 628.35
Ponomarev V. G.
Design and implementation of wastewater treatment projects
Summary
The analysis of technical solutions of surface run-off treatment process flow schemes is presented. The attention is focused on the necessity of selecting a treatment system in every specific case relying on the analysis of wastewater type and local drainage system. In addition the technological orientation of the local industries discharging their effluents into the municipal sewer shall be considered. One of the possible solutions of the given problem is the expediency of treatment of industrial effluents discharged into the storm sewer at the local treatment facilities located on the surface in a separate building or box at the industrial enterprise's premises.
Key words
settling , flotation , sorption , filtration , local treatment , retention basin-settler , underground treatment facilities
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UDC 628.316.12:628.212.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.07.06
Bobinkin V. V., Kasatochkin A. S., Larionov S. Iu., Panteleev Aleksei, Riabchikov Boris, Savenkov Pavel, Shapovalov Dmitrii, Shilov Mikhail
Designing facilities for the treatment of industrial storm water of steelworks
Summary
In line with the environmental program being developed over many years to reduce the negative impact on water resources, the steelworks launched modern facilities for the treatment of industrial storm water of a complex composition. The greatest difficulties are associated with the presence of oil products and heavy metals in industrial storm water provided that the requirements for the removal of heavy metals are very stringent, primarily regarding the copper concentration, i.e. it should not exceed 0.001 mg/dm3 in the effluent. To estimate the efficiency of the existing treatment facilities and take measures for their upgrade, the experts of the steelworks carried out some research work to select the optimal equipment and technological treatment scheme. After the pilot tests, the previously proposed schemes were rejected and a new one was developed that should meet all the requirements. The newly designed facilities were put into constant operation with the required treatment efficiency achieved. For the first time a dynamic softening system (DSS) with columns 1800 mm in diameter was used on an industrial scale to remove heavy metals from wastewater.
Key words
cleansing , flotation , heavy metals , dynamic softening system , industrial storm water , treatment facilities , mechanical filtration , carbon filter
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UDC 628.113:624.131.41
Fomina V. F.
Water Humus Composition of the Vychegda River at Water Intake Site of the City of Syktyvkar
Summary
The Vychegda river is the main source of water supply for Syktyvkar. The water is characterized by low turbidity and high color, it contains ferrum and has low alkalinity and mineralization. During the autumn-winter period the water delivered to treatment facilities has a temperature of below 1 ºC. The swampiness of the river basin has an essential influence on water humus forming. The composition of humic substances adding the color to water is studied. It is defined, that fulvic acids compose the substantial part of humic substances. Color indices values for the main fractions of humic substances are defined. The influence of a seasonal composition and properties of humic substances and temperature conditions on water coagulation is proved.
Key words
suspended substances , chromaticity , flotation , humus , coagulant , filtration , river water
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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.05.07
УДК 628.54
Ksenofontov Boris, Antonova E. S.
Process concentrate treatment by flotation at CHP plants
Summary
The problem of processing oily wastewater generated at power plants is discussed. Much attention is paid to the purification of process concentrate that is characterized by higher temperature (55–70 °С). A pneumatic flotation unit used for the process concentrate treatment at the South CHP plant operated by Lenenergo OJSC is considered. The major drawback of the unit is pointed out: the changes in the rubber properties result in the changes in air bubble dimensions, and the efficiency decreases. A possible solution to the problem can be the use of an ejection aeration system with a disperser. The experiments in a laboratory unit on determining the size distribution of the bubbles generated by the ejection aeration system at 55°С were conducted. In addition, model oily wastewater was subject to purification in a unit with the pneumatic and ejection aeration systems. The average size of the finely dispersed bubbles generated by the ejection aeration system with a disperser was 60 μm, and that of the coarse bubbles was 105 μm. It is shown that the use of the ejection aeration system with a disperser provides for reducing the residual concentration of oil products from 4 to 1 mg/l or reducing the purification time from 25 to 15 minutes.
Key words
flotation , ejector , pneumatic aeration system , air bubble size , dispersant , process condensate
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.01.06
UDC 544.526:628.169
Pilipenko Marina, Dubina Aleksandr, Likhavitskii Vitalii
Flotation of wastewater from dye works using ozone
Summary
The results of experimental studies of the efficiency of purification of model and real wastewater from dye and finishing works with the aid of pneumatic flotation using ozone-air mixture instead of air are presented. The effect of the gas mixture flow rate, dye concentration, and ozone concentration in the gas mixture on the purification efficiency was studied. The purification efficiency was evaluated by optical density and COD. While using ozone-air mixture instead of air, a 12-fold efficiency increase was achieved. The results of the studies have shown that while using ozone flotation to achieve the purification efficiency of 90% of the real wastewater from dye and finishing works, abstracted upstream the treatment facilities (electrocoagulation followed by flotation), the following conditions are required: processing time not less than 60 minutes; consumption of ozone-air mixture not less than 5 l/(l·min); ozone concentration in the ozone-air mixture not less than 8 g/m3.
Key words
wastewater , flotation , dye , ozone , fabric dyeing
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UDC 628.31:725.384
NECHAEV I. A., BELEVCEV A. N., ZHAVORONKOVA V. I., Menshutin Iurii, BEZRUKOV S. Z., BAJKOVA S. A., MELNIKOVA N. N.
Ecological Problems of Operation of Car-Washing Facilities and Means of Their Solving
Summary
A brief analysis of problems connected with the use of water in car-washing systems, disposal and treatment of wastewater generated is made. Main components of the car-washing facility’s wastewater are suspended substances, oil products and synthetic surface active agents. To ensure efficient treatment of wastewater guaranteeing the quality of treated water meeting the requirements of its use in recirculating systems as well as for discharge into sewerage networks, basins or on the relief it is necessary to use a complex of methods including coagulation, flotation, ozonization and sorption. A principal basic flowchart of the use, treatment and disposal of wastewater from car-washing facilities guaranteeing water quality and meeting the normative standards is proposed.
Key words:
ozonization , washing agents , non-ionogenic and anion synthetic surface active agents , oil products , wastewater treatment , coagulation , flotation , sorption
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