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UDC

Pokhil Yu. N.

On the occasion of 85 Years of Gorvodokanal of Novosibirsk MUE

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UDC 628.15:504.054

Bagaev Iurii, Shipulin Roman, Gundyreva Tat’iana

Reforming the system of wastewater discharge regulation –
an absolute necessity

Summary

The existing system of regulating wastewater discharges has a number of essential faults and requires revision. It is wise to compile the list of regulated pollutants on principle of ensuring the standard water quality of the water body at the monitoring section downstream of the discharge outlet. It is suggested to limit this list by excluding substances with the concentrations less than 0.3 MPC. The optimal alternative is differentiating microbiological parameters of the discharge by the type and ecological state of the receiving waters. Provision 6.1 of Appendix 1 «Methods of determining maximum permissible discharge of substances and microorganisms into water bodies for water users» declaring that discharging substances not included into the approved list is prohibited shall be excluded. The attempts to establish maximum stringent discharge standards according to the existing regulation system result in ineffective investing big financial means in advanced effluent treatment. By analogy with foreign countries it would be reasonable to introduce regulation on technological principle with due account for the ecological state of receiving waters. The recommended technological standards for municipal effluent discharges as applied to three categories of water bodies are presented: water courses with intensive water exchange; water reservoirs and low water courses; water courses exposed to eutrophication. Adoption and approval of the suggested technological standards are very important for the water and wastewater utilities.

Ключевые слова

wastewater , standard of allowable discharge , pollutants , technological rate setting , discharge regulation , technological effluent standards

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UDC 628.15:504.054

Danilovich Dmitrii, Dovlatova E. V.

State of the system of regulating discharges of pollutants
and improvement of water body protection mechanisms

Summary

The suggestions on amending the basic principles of effluent discharge regulations are presented including: abolition of the «zero impact» principle (the requirement to meet MPC in water bodies irrespective of their actual state and technical capacities); waiving the use of MPC as a regulation basis and applying MPC for monitoring and analysis, as a guide in water quality management in water bodies; drawing the industrial branch inventories of regulated and chargeable pollutants; permitting the discharge of unlisted (undefined by standard analyses) substances for which no MPCs have been developed provided the effluent toxicity standard and other aggregate parameters have been met. The suggested system of catchment area-technological regulation that does not use the instruments of permissible discharge regulations and limits is described. It is concluded that the state has to take the control over water basins as opposed to the present onlooker position. It is suggested to unbureacratize drastically the procedure of issuing pollution discharge permits and introduce open-ended permits (potentially hazardous objects); to issue environmental permits using «one-stop» principle (including sanitary, fishery waters aspects etc.); to combine the procedures of environmental impact assessment and discharge permit issue. Limiting with subsequent banning the use in the products (manufactured and imported) of substances either environmentally harmful or increasing the load on wastewater treatment facilities, in the first instance phosphate-containing washing powders is suggested. It is suggested to revise the Russian legal framework related to the given aspect. The need for developing and adopting the legislation «On the protection of water bodies from wastewater pollution», «On the comprehensive monitoring and protection from pollution», «On limiting and banning the use of separate substances producing negative impact on water bodies» is substantiated.

Key words

wastewater , legislation , environmental protection , regulation of pollutant discharges , water pool

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UDC 621.65:62-531.3:628.1/.2

Davydov A. B., Spirin E. V., Radetskii Mikhail

Optimization of water supply system of the left bank districts of Novosibirsk

Summary

For the past 15 years a package of measures has been implemented in the Novosibirsk water supply system with the introduction of advanced equipment and technologies that provided for significant improving the reliability and efficiency of operations. The measures included installing variable-speed drives on pumping units; changing-over the operation of the pumping station to the remote control point operation, introducing pressure control system etc. To ensure the control over the water supply operation the activities on establishing automated pressure control in the water distribution network were initiated. At present 32 pressure control points have been established in the city left bank districts that allow real-time tracking the network operation parameters. All the pumping stations and most important points of the water distribution network were equipped with pressure sensors. The experts of Gorvodokanal of Novosibirsk MUE introduced a software package with the purpose of: monitoring and analyzing water consumption in water supply zones; analyzing the energy efficiency of equipment operation; monitoring and analyzing pressure losses in the water distribution network. The measures on optimizing the water supply system operation implemented in Gorvodokanal confirm that the systems designed and built in 1960–1980-ies have a big potential for upgrade. The upgrade will provide for significant reduction of operating costs and improvement of the water supply quality.

Key words

water supply system , frequency converter , hydraulic model , remote control point of the network , pressure reducing valve

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UDC 628.16.06

Artemenok N. D., Ivashchenko A. T., Shokolov A. N., Paletskii A. V., Perederei L. G.

Investigating the processes of wash water treatment of pumping-filtration plant No. 5 of Novosibirsk

Summary

Research activities on processing wash water and water sludge from pumping-filtration plant No. 5 of Novosibirsk carried out during 2005–2009 provided for exploring sludge separation from wash water; modes and amounts of wastewater and wash water from the treatment facilities. For taking the final decision on the structure of the facilities and their number, dimensions and operating modes of every unit additional studies of wash water treatment processes were carried out in 2013. The main results obtained in the process of model studies in a specially designed and constructed plant (mixing chamber, flocculation chamber, horizontal sedimentation tank, rapid filter) are presented. The task of the dynamic tests was determining the limit wash water loading on a section of the horizontal settler in order to provide for the drinking water quality after treatment. During the tests optimal dosages and chemical feed points were specified; the impact of wash water temperature on the treatment level was determined. After sedimentation wash water passed treatment in the model rapid filter to the quality that meets the requirements of SanPin (Sanitary Regulations and Norms). The results of modeling allowed confirming the sufficiency of the process horizontal sedimentation tank dimensions for adequate wash water treatment. The recommendations on designing the composition of the facilities for sedimentation and filtration of wash water from pumping-filtration plant No. 5.

Key words

turbidity , rapid filter , wash water , water temperature , model plant , sedimentation facilities

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UDC 628.336.57:628.162.52

Artemenok N. D., Pokhil Yu. N., Mamaev V. V.

Improving the processes of wash water and water sludge treatment
at the water treatment plants of Novosibirsk

Summary

For two years studies of wash water and water sludge treatment processes were carried out at the two biggest water treatment plants of the city of Novosibirsk. The research results allowed framing the main directions of further utilization of wash water and water sludge. Taking into account the existing practice of operating the plants located on the opposite banks of the river Ob separate treatment of the wash water from the rapid filters and wastewater (blowing water) from horizontal settling tanks, mixing and flocculation chambers was suggested. Wash water from rapid filters purified to the quality of drinking water passes through the surge tank and is fed into the clean water tank of the water treatment plant; whereas wastewater from the sludge thickener settlers after mechanical treatment or without any treatment is discharged into the municipal sewer. Part of wastewater from the sludge thickener after treatment is processed together with filter wash water in specially designed or horizontal settlers and rapid filters isolated from the main process scheme. The suggested process solution will provide for eliminating wash water and water sludge disposal into the water bodies. The results of the experimental studies provided for determining the main technical characteristics of the operation of the wash water and water sludge treatment facilities; engineering institutions were given the recommendations on detailed designing. Putting into operation the wash water and water sludge treatment system will provide for the solution of the important environmental task for the third largest city in Russia.

Key words

sludge from water treatment plant , rapid filter , wash water , horizontal settling tank , surge tank , sludge thickener

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УДК 621.65:62–531.3:628.1/.2

Nikitin A. M. , Balygin A. V., Shustova G. I., Iakovlev I. M.

Особенности частотного регулирования параллельно работающих насосов

Аннотация

Рассматривается один из вариантов энергоэффективной работы насосных агрегатов на насосных станциях водоснабжения и водоотведения при изменении час­тоты вращения рабочего колеса насоса с помощью частотно-регулируемых электроприводов, наиболее широко применяемых в современных условиях. Час­тотно-регулируемый электропривод устанавливается один на группу рабочих агрегатов или на каждый насос. Установка частотно-регулируемого электропривода на каждый рабочий агрегат является, на первый взгляд, довольно дорогостоящим мероприятием, поэтому чаще всего устанавливают один электропривод на группу (2–3 шт.) насосов. Однако при этом могут возникать кавитационные процессы, повышаться динамические нагрузки на подшипники и валы насосов, уменьшаться коэффициент полезного действия, и в конечном счете снижаться энергоэффективность работы насосов. По данным теоретического и практического обоснования, при установке частотно-регулируемых электроприводов на каждый рабочий насосный агрегат указанные выше недостатки сглаживаются, а энергоэффективность повышается.

Ключевые слова

pumping station , frequency-regulated electric drive , pumping unit , qualitative method of control , quantitative method of control , lifting efficiency

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УДК 621.65:62-531.3:628.1/.2

Bagaev Iurii, Karpov N. V., Usachev A. P.

Specific features of frequency regulation of parallel pumps

Summary

One of the options of energy efficient operation of pumping units at the water and sewage pumping stations under pump impeller speed variation with the help of variable-speed electric drives widely used at present time is considered. One variable-speed electric drive is installed either for a group of operating units or on a single pump. Installing a variable-speed electric drive on each operating unit at first sight seems to be a very expensive measure; therefore more often one electric drive is installed for a group of pumps (2–3 units). However, in this case cavitation processes can arise, the dynamic loa­ding on the pump shaft and bearings can increase, the lifting efficiency can decrease, and in the long run the pump energy efficiency can drop. The data of the theoretic and practical substantiation show that installing variable-speed electric drives on each operating pumping unit provides for weakening of the above-mentioned shortcomings, whereas the energy efficiency improves.

Key words

energy efficiency , pumping station , frequency regulation , centrifugal pump , pump capacity

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UDC 628.161.3:658.52.011.56

Shterner S. R., Nesterov Iu. V., Novoshintsev V. N., Valuyskikh I. V., Zhagin V. A., Boldyrev Viacheslav Viktorovich, Pokazaniev D. S.

Instrumentation and control modules for the optimization of water chemical treatment process

Summary

The results of introducing instrumentation and control modules of «Coagulant–clarifier», automatic coagulant dosing and «Chlorine–monitoring» are presented. The modules were designed for measuring turbidity, coagulated suspension clarification rate, coagulant dosage, and free residual chlorine in 33 water samples taken from different points of the chemical treatment process at pumping-filtration plant No. 1 of Novosibirsk. The modules were incorporated into UNITOK-DISPETCHER integrated automated software control and management system. The use of flow receiving and distribution units and a set of flow-type sensors provides for fulfilling the task of automated control of the entire process flows. The stabilization of process parameters is achieved by automation of dosing coagulant process solutions in the mixing chambers of the first and second plant blocks. Ten-year experience of operating the modules showed that the reliability and operational efficiency of the instrumentation systems, objectiveness (laboratory independence), free choice of sampling number and rate improve the operational efficiency of decision making by the control service, process techno­logy optimization, and ensure reliable high-quality drinking water supply.

Key words

optimization , chemical water treatment , automated control and management , instrumentation and control modules