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UDC 628.16.06

Artemenok N. D., Ivashchenko A. T., Shokolov A. N., Paletskii A. V., Perederei L. G.

Investigating the processes of wash water treatment of pumping-filtration plant No. 5 of Novosibirsk

Summary

Research activities on processing wash water and water sludge from pumping-filtration plant No. 5 of Novosibirsk carried out during 2005–2009 provided for exploring sludge separation from wash water; modes and amounts of wastewater and wash water from the treatment facilities. For taking the final decision on the structure of the facilities and their number, dimensions and operating modes of every unit additional studies of wash water treatment processes were carried out in 2013. The main results obtained in the process of model studies in a specially designed and constructed plant (mixing chamber, flocculation chamber, horizontal sedimentation tank, rapid filter) are presented. The task of the dynamic tests was determining the limit wash water loading on a section of the horizontal settler in order to provide for the drinking water quality after treatment. During the tests optimal dosages and chemical feed points were specified; the impact of wash water temperature on the treatment level was determined. After sedimentation wash water passed treatment in the model rapid filter to the quality that meets the requirements of SanPin (Sanitary Regulations and Norms). The results of modeling allowed confirming the sufficiency of the process horizontal sedimentation tank dimensions for adequate wash water treatment. The recommendations on designing the composition of the facilities for sedimentation and filtration of wash water from pumping-filtration plant No. 5.

Key words

turbidity , rapid filter , wash water , water temperature , model plant , sedimentation facilities

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UDC 628.16.027:628.543

Egorova Yu. A., Kichigin V. I., Polst'ianov S. N., Nesterenko O. I.

Study of the technologies of wash water treatment  from contact clarifiers

Summary

The results of the laboratory studies of twelve flocculant kinds used for wash water treatment from contact clarifiers are presented. The optimal dosages of flocculant were determined. Two of the flocculants studied were selected that could ensure the maximum degree of water clarification at the minimum concentration of residual aluminium, residual polyacrylamide and suspended solids in water. It was stated that the sludge generated during water clarification had 99.9% moisture content. It was proved that Flopam FO 4240 PWG and Маgnafloc LT-22S flocculants ensured good sedimentation of pollutants present in wash water. Possible use of chemical and chemical free filtration in «Fil’tr Polimernyi» manufactured by «Samenviro» LLC as well as of membrane filtration in UNA-620A hollow fiber module (based on Microza^® pressure membranes) in a pilot plant rendered by «Pall Evrasia» LLC was considered.

Key words

turbidity , flocculant , wash water , contact clarifier , residual aluminium , residual polyacrylamide , optimal dosage of chemical

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UDC 628.3.034.2:628.169.2

Artemenok N. D., Urvantseva M. I.

Complex Assessment of Processes of Wash Water Treatment at Water Supply Stations of the Western Siberia

Summary

Methods of treatment of wash water of water supply stations located at surface water sources of the Western Siberia are considered. The technology of the multiple use of wash water in the technological process at main facilities of pumping-filtration stations is offered. The basic properties of natural and wash waters are defined, sizes of the facilities required for qualitative treatment of wash water are calculated. Results of the experimental study and calculations made prove the possibility of application of the main technological scheme of natural water treatment (horizontal settling tanks and rapid filters) at operating treatment facilities for wash water treatment.

Key words

diffusion , wash water , horizontal settling tank , diffusion factor , sedimentation , hydraulic size

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UDC 628.16

Fomina V. F., Fomin A. V.

Upgrade of horizontal sedimentation tanks with the use  of dissolved-air flotation

Summary

The analysis of the efficiency of low turbidity colored water of the Vychegda River purification at the water treatment facilities of Syktyvkar in horizontal sedimentation tanks operating in the mode of coagulation at 2–3 times lowered hydraulic loading is presented. The necessity of upgrading the sedimentation tanks by redesigning their exit sections into flotation chambers is substantiated. The enhancement of the sedimentation tank operation by equipping with a flotation chamber provides for meeting the regulatory requirements to the drinking water quality under the conditions of significant seasonal fluctuations of the raw water quality indicators and temperature. Enhanced clarification of the water being coagulated is ensured before the filtration stage; at that the flow rate of backwash water decreases 3 times, the number of filter washes per day decreases to 0.5 times and less (filter run increases to 2 days and more). Backwash water purification together with raw water provides for streamlining the process flow scheme and chemical facilities (the number of chemical injection and dosing points decreases); facilitating the operation of the facilities, 8% operational expenses saving and plant demand decreasing to 3%. The upgrade of horizontal sedimentation tanks with the use of dissolved air flotation is more economically and environmentally feasible than the reconstruction of the two-stage filtration facilities. It provides for doubling the sedimentation facilities output, decreasing the amount of wash water and combined with raw water handling.

Key words

wash water , horizontal settling tank , filtration , pressure flotation , low turbidity colored water , hydraulic loading , water treatment plant

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UDC 628.166:628.1.033 (470.61-25)

FESENKO L. N., Ignatenko S. I., Skryabin A. Yu., Fedotov R. V.

Ensuring of Wastelessness and Ecological Compatibility of Technology of Sodium Hypochlorite at the ChlorefsUnits

Summary

The ways of solving the problem of ensuring of wastelessness and ecological compatibility of the technology of large-tonnage production of sodium hypochlorite at electrolysis stations of high-capacity water treatment facilities are considered. It is shown that for conditioning of water used for preparation of salt solutions the method of acid decarbonization is more preferable as excluding the generation of some accompanying waste water. It is considerably cheaper than the cationite softening and makes it possible to use the salt of any quality. The saturators for preparation of saturated salt solution should be equipped with the washing systems similar to high-rate water supply filters with wash water discharge into the system of treatment and its reuse in the scheme of dissolution.

Key words

disinfection , sodium hypochlorite , electrolysis , wash water , dissolution , cationite softening , decarbonization

UDC 628.169.7
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.10.06

Butko D. A.

Optimization of designing the systems for waste water purification from waterworks operating with low-turbidity waters

Summary

The issues of designing schemes for processing wash water of rapid filters (contact clarifiers), sludge from wash water treatment facilities and sludge from sedimentation facilities are considered. The results of a study of wash water of rapid filters at the water treatment plants operating with PolyDADMAC organic coagulant-flocculant are presented; the qualitative indicators of the sludge from the sedimentation tanks at these facilities are given. Options for wash water recycling are considered, such as supplying to the headworks and washing contact clarifiers, as well as process water supply (road washing, production needs of industrial enterprises, etc.), and agricultural irrigation. The water quality indicators for each of the recycling options are given, and an algorithm for selecting a process flow scheme is presented that will provide for the required effluent quality standard by adjusting the treatment scheme. Options for the utilization of sludge of sedimentation tanks and wash water treatment facilities as potting soils, stone and ceramic building materials are presented. The criteria for choosing a utilization option and the algorithm for choosing process flow schemes are presented. The proposed approach to designing schemes for wash water and sludge treatment simplifies their selection at the stage of a new design or upgrade.

Key words

sludge , rapid filter , wash water , flow chart , design algorithm

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UDC 628.161:628.169

Alekseev S. E., Shelest S. N., Захаров В. Р., Moor N. V.

Experience of retrofitting the technology of wash water utilization at the Omsk water treatment facilities

Summary

The main phases of addressing holistically the problem water source pollution with wastewater generated at the Omsk water treatment plant are considered. The results of technologic pre-engineering that provided for determining the optimal flow scheme of the treatment process and filter wash water reuse as well for defining the process parameters of combined treatment of river and wash water are presented. It is shown that the chemicals mainly used for drinking water purification can be used for filter wash water treatment. The studies were carried out by test coagulation method, i. e. by adding various amounts of polluted wash water and chemicals used at the water treatment plant into raw river water. The efficiency of combined treatment of river water is improving with increasing the amount of added polluted wash water. The design concepts and process flow scheme of water treatment that provided for constructing and commissioning filter wash water reuse unit with minimum capital expenditures are presented. The operating experience affirmed the correctness of the adopted process and design solutions. As a result the abstraction of raw river water was reduced by 9–13% and wash water discharge into the Irtysh River- the water source was completely abandoned. Wash water treatment is carried out together with raw river water at the water treatment facilities. Herewith the drinking water quality fully meets the requirements of Sanitary Regulations and Norms 2.1.4.1074-01.

Key words

water treatment , reagent treatment , wash water , water reuse , resource conservation

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UDC 628.16.081

Fomina V. F., Fomin A. V.

The experience of operating pressure flotation facilities for the purification of low-turbid colored water of the Vychegda River (on the occasion of 10 years of the startup of pressure flotation facilities
at the water treatment plant of Syktyvkar)

Summary

The results of operating the pressure flotation facilities with a capacity of 65,000 m³/day commissioned in May 2006 at the water treatment plant of Syktyvkar are considered. During 10 years the pressure flotation facilities have been successfully operating and ensuring high-level clarification of drinking water. The analysis of the main water quality indicators after each treatment stage showed that the pressure flotation method had been the most efficient for purification of low-turbid colored water of the Vychegda River. It is stated that during certain seasons color increase higher than 150–200 grades and temperature decrease result in complications with meeting the standard for permanganate oxidizability; therefore more detailed selection of chemical agents and dosage optimization is required. At the optimal coagulation operation mode the method of pressure flotation provides for enhanced water clarification to less than 1 mg/l turbidity which allows using filters as barrier facilities in case of turbidity breakthrough.

Key words

reagent treatment , coagulation , wash water , filtration , pressure flotation , low turbidity colored water

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UDC 628.16.067.1:66.081.63

Strelkov A. K., Baranov A. V., Tsabilev O. V., Efanov I. A.

Evaluating the efficiency of hollow fiber membrane use in wash water treatment

Summary

Urban development dictates the necessity of increasing the output of water treatment facilities which requires the maximum operation of all the pumping filtration stations. In this respect reusing treated wash water for utility and drinking purposes will provide for eliminating water shortage and reducing environmental pressure on water bodies. The task of increasing the capacity of pumping filtration station No. 2 in Samara is very urgent. River water purification is carried out following the single-stage scheme in contact clarifiers. In view of the specific features of the clarification process such scheme does not allow increasing the station capacity by optimization of filtering media selection. The use of baromembrane processes – microfiltration and ultrafiltration – can be an alternative that will provide for the sustainable parame­ters of the treatment quality. These methods find fairly wide use in river water treatment at small-scale facilities either as independent processes or as part of comprehensive process solutions. The process of wash water of pumping filtration station No. 2 purification that operated according to the single-stage flow scheme with the use of hollow fiber membrane was studied. The main trends and possibilities of retrofitting the new process flow scheme were considered. The results of preliminary testing a pilot unit on the basis of the hollow fiber membrane element are given. The evaluation of the received filtrate quality proves its possible use for utility and drinking purposes. The membrane unit concentrate in significantly less amount can be discharged to the wastewater treatment facilities or processed to separate and dewater the sludge.

Key words

water treatment , membrane , ultrafiltration , pumping-filtration station , microfiltration , wash water , pilot plant

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UDC 628.336.71

Rublevskaya O. N., Probirsky M. D.

Reconstruction of the sludge incineration plant at the Central wastewater treatment facilities in St. Petersburg

Summary

The need for the reconstruction of the wastewater sludge incineration plant at the Central wastewater treatment facilities of St. Petersburg is substantiated. A short description of the technological processes of sludge incineration, flue gas purification and treatment of wash water generated in the process of gas purification is given. The advanced technologies of sludge pretreatment before incineration, flue gas purification, heat utilization, electric energy generation are presented. The results of the biochemical, toxicity, chemical and radiological studies carried out in SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» showed the possibility of using wastewater sludge incineration ash in the production of constructional materials. Cementing properties of ash that improve the structure and quality of constructional materials were determined. The use of ash in the production of concrete and bitumen concrete in amount of 10–12% of the concrete weight is also promising. The use of ash will improve the concrete strength by increasing the imporosity of the poured concrete, bitumen concrete. Solving the task of ash beneficial use will become a concluding stage in the package of measures on wastewater sludge utilization and will provide for zero waste process of wastewater treatment.

Key words

sludge , wash water , scrubber , sludge drying , incinerator , flue gases , ash , dry matter

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UDC 628.336.57:628.162.52

Artemenok N. D., Pokhil Yu. N., Mamaev V. V.

Improving the processes of wash water and water sludge treatment
at the water treatment plants of Novosibirsk

Summary

For two years studies of wash water and water sludge treatment processes were carried out at the two biggest water treatment plants of the city of Novosibirsk. The research results allowed framing the main directions of further utilization of wash water and water sludge. Taking into account the existing practice of operating the plants located on the opposite banks of the river Ob separate treatment of the wash water from the rapid filters and wastewater (blowing water) from horizontal settling tanks, mixing and flocculation chambers was suggested. Wash water from rapid filters purified to the quality of drinking water passes through the surge tank and is fed into the clean water tank of the water treatment plant; whereas wastewater from the sludge thickener settlers after mechanical treatment or without any treatment is discharged into the municipal sewer. Part of wastewater from the sludge thickener after treatment is processed together with filter wash water in specially designed or horizontal settlers and rapid filters isolated from the main process scheme. The suggested process solution will provide for eliminating wash water and water sludge disposal into the water bodies. The results of the experimental studies provided for determining the main technical characteristics of the operation of the wash water and water sludge treatment facilities; engineering institutions were given the recommendations on detailed designing. Putting into operation the wash water and water sludge treatment system will provide for the solution of the important environmental task for the third largest city in Russia.

Key words

sludge from water treatment plant , rapid filter , wash water , horizontal settling tank , surge tank , sludge thickener