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UDC 628.179
Gromov Grigorii, Primin Oleg, Bychkov D. A.
The model for calculating water losses and unaccounted-for-water in the distribution network of Tumen
Summary
Drinking water production always exceeds the amount of the summed water demand for a number of reasons of technical nature as well as because of the water abuse and unaccounted-for-water. Water losses result in the degradation of the quality of services and reduction of pressure parameters at the point of consumption. At the present stage of water supply development with account of municipal utilities ageing in the Russian cities the issues of water losses assessment and management gain in importance for water consumption decrease, elimination of wasteful expenditures and water losses since they influence much the cost of production of services rendered by water providers. The analysis of the methods of evaluating water losses and unaccounted-for-water in public water supply systems is presented. The evaluation of water losses in the distribution network of Tumen is set. The calculation of the water balance by the procedure developed by International Water Association is presented. The description of the infrastructure leakage index that reflects the amount of water losses in a real water supply system is given. The method of evaluating direct water losses and activities on their reduction is presented.
Key words
centralized water supply system , direct water losses , unaccounted-for-losses , infrastructure leakage index , the strategy of reducing water losses
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UDC 628.1
Shushkevich E. V., Bastrykin R. I., Aleshina E. V., Babaev A. V., Shotina K. V., Priven E. M.
Prospects of the Moscow public water supply long-term development with account for the newly-annexed territories
Summary
The results of developing the water supply schemes of Moscow including the newly-annexed territories of the Troitsk and Novomoskovsk administrative districts for the period to 2025 and with account for the RF legislation amendments of 2015 and the data on the update of the Moscow Master Plan are presented. At that the following measures were planned: acquisition and analysis of data from about 60 institutions of Moscow, the Troitsk and Novomoskovsk administrative districts; complete communication to the schemes of water and heat supply; processing big volumes of technologic, technical and economic information; record of the results of hydraulic modeling of water supply and wastewater management. The water supply schemes for the period to 2025 included the upgrade of the water supply systems of the Troitsk and Novomoskovsk administrative districts by several areas, namely: extension of the drinking water supply area from the West Water Treatment Plant; construction of large-scale regulation waterworks; construction of 600–1000 mm diameter water mains; upgrade of water intake facilities that abstract water from artesian wells; reconstruction of the water distribution network. The perspective measures on the construction and upgrade of the water treatment facilities on the basis of the analysis of the technical and economic state of the public cold water supply systems were determined and developed with account for the urban planning documentation of Moscow.
Key words
best available techniques , potable water quality , centralized water supply system , water supply scheme , construction and upgrade of water treatment facilities , water treatment facilities operations efficiency
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2021.12.01
UDC 006.3:628.3:504.064
Rublevskaya O. N., Lysova Tat’iana, Alekseeva I. V., Tsvetkova Ekaterina
Problems of water and wastewater utilities with technological regulation and introduction of industrial environmental control
Summary
The requirements of the environmental legislation in the process of transition to technological regulation based on the process parameters of the best available technologies, the introduction of the industrial environmental control including systems for automatic control of pollution discharges and emissions, are given. An analysis of the regulations of the environmental legislation is presented, as well as a number of problems arising in the implementation of the requirements of these regulations in the introduction of the best available technologies and industrial environmental control at the wastewater facilities of water and wastewater utilities are described. Problems are highlighted in relation to the following factors: impossibility or redundancy of conducting an inventory of discharges for a number of pollutants; inadequacy of the 7-year deadline for the implementation of the programs for improving the environmental efficiency and plans of action for environmental protection in presence of several objects of the I and II categories of the negative environmental impact; redundancy of the requirements for establishing technological regulations for discharges at the level «from the achieved»; contradictions in the regulations that complicate the introduction of automatic control systems. The paper describes the experience of the construction and upgrade of the public wastewater disposal facilities operated by SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»; the practice of industrial environmental control, as well as the results of the interaction between the sectoral community of the water supply and wastewater disposal utilities; the conclusions drawn during updating ITS 22.1-2016 «General principles of industrial environmental control and its metrological support» in 2021. The ways of addressing the problems are proposed.
Key words
centralized water supply system , best available technology , program for the industrial environmental control , automatic control system , criteria for assigning objects to the category of negative environmental impact , inventory of discharges into the environment , организация водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства
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UDC 628.1.033
Chupin V. R.
The current state and problems of the public water supply system of the city of Irkutsk and Irkutsk Area
Summary
Supplying the population with high quality drinking water has been a high-priority task of the urban land development. Lake Baikal and the Angara River, its effluent, supply most of the Irkutsk Area population with drinking water. The pure drinkable water of Baikal that the Angara is carrying is as such only upstream of Irkutsk. Onwards it turns into the holding pond of industrial and domestic wastewater. Downstream Irkutsk the Angara water cannot be used for drinking water supply without organics, heavy metals and oil products removal. Using the example of establishing the public water supply system of the Irkutsk Area the aspects of supplying water from the open surface water sources were studied. It is shown that the water use under the conditions of the regulated surface water sources with significant water level fluctuations demands constructing combined water intakes of special design – shore, channel, infiltration and pontoon. The sources with low-mineralized water shall be used in combination with mineralized underground water. The need of developing group water supply systems with the use of protected underground water sources or large-scale surface fresh water sources is shown.
Key words
potable water , surface water source , water intake , ground water , centralized water supply system , water level in a water reservoir
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UDC 614.777:628.161.1:658.562.012.7
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.01
Lapin Pavel, Eliseev Dmitrii, Kopulov Sergei, Pashkova Valentina
The state of underground sources and public water supply systems of the Oryol Region and measures to improve the water quality
Summary
The state of the water resources inventory of the Orеl Region including underground and surface sources of water supply, is considered. The main causes of unsatisfactory water quality in public water supply systems are specified. To assess the quality of groundwater and water in water distribution networks in terms of microbiological and sanitary-chemical indicators, a method based on the filtration of a certain volume of water through membrane filters with subsequent identification by biochemical properties was used. The state of the underground sources of public water supply systems and distribution networks in the districts of the Orel Region for 2019–2021 is considered for compliance with the regulatory requirements. A number of measures have been proposed in order to implement the regional program «Improving the quality of water supply in the Orel Region» to improve water supply in the Region.
Key words
water supply system , ground water , microbiological characteristics , water object , centralized water supply system , sanitary chemical indicators
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UDC 628.1/.2:338.1
Koval’chik A. A., Kiselev Andrei Vladimirovich
Ekaterinburg public water supply development strategy
Summary
The strategic plan of Ekaterinburg «Vodokanal» development has been compiled as part of the city master plan. Ekaterinburg «Vodokanal» MUE is one of the designers of the «Development of the water sources, water and wastewater treatment facilities» strategic project. The project provides for upgrading water mains, street and district water networks under reconstruction; constructing new water networks for connecting (utility connection) capital construction projects to the public water supply, as well as constructing and upgrading pumping stations supplying water to the customers. The measures on construction and upgrade of water distribution networks take into account the stages of transferring to the closed hot water supply scheme (in accordance with the heat supply scheme). The set of measures is provided to reduce leakages and illegal water use by introducing the system of on-line monitoring, using special technical devices to detect illegal water connections, organizing consumer education. The project part related to the development of the public water supply is considered in detail.
Key words
centralized water supply system , waterworks , strategic planning , water supply conduits , network upgrade and construction
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