Amendments to the regulations on effluent discharge into the public wastewater disposal systems

Summary

The aspects of regulating the effluents discharged by wastewater services providers and their customers have been topical for many years. Within the frames of the current legislation on water supply and wastewater disposal and the Environmental Law subject to revision improving the system of effluent quality regulation established in 1970-ies and based on the requirement to meet the standard of the water quality in water bodies is required. Herewith the provision on sharing the responsibility for the discharged effluent quality between the wastewater services providers and their customers shall be specified. Environmental Law review since 2014 refers the issues of regulating the quality of effluents discharged by vodokanals and their customers to the competence of the legislation on water supply and wastewater disposal. This regulation provides for settling the mentioned problems by introducing changes and amendments (draft law No. 386179-6) to «Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal» Law.

Key words

system of standards , water disposal , best available technology , vodokanal , customer , effluent quality

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UDC 628.3:504.064

Lysova Tat’iana, Alekseeva I. V., Perednia T. V., Rublevskaya O. N.

Amendments and prospects of the statutory regulation of wastewater and pollution discharges by water utilities and their customers

Summary

The background and dynamics of the environmental legislation amendments related to the water supply and wastewater disposal, and statutory regulation related to effluent and pollution discharges from public wastewater disposal systems are described. The results of applying the enactments related to wastewater disposal are stated that provided for the successive correction of the statutory regulations related to the public wastewater disposal systems beginning from 2014. The analysis of water-protective measures taken by the customers is presented in light of abandoning the state regulation of wastewater discharge into the public wastewater disposal systems. The
evaluation of the results of the amendments of «The rules of cold water supply and wastewater disposal» adopted in 2016 in relation to the customers of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is presented. The successive approximation of the Russian requirements to the wastewater composition and properties set with the purpose of preventing the negative impact on the public wastewater disposal systems with similar European requirements is shown. The novations coming into effect from January 1, 2019 of Federal Law No. 219-FZ «On the amendments to the Federal Law «On environmental protection» and separate enactments of the Russian Federation» and Federal Law No. 225-FZ of July 29, 2017 «On the amendments to the Federal Law «On water supply and wastewater disposal» and separate enactments of the Russian Federation» related to the system of the wastewater utilities introducing the best available techniques are stated. The prospects of the future development of the environmental regulations and legislation on water supply and wastewater disposal in relation to the regulation of the discharges by wastewater utilities and discharges to the public wastewater disposal systems by the customers are stated.

Key words

discharge limitations , best available technology , technological indicators , public wastewater disposal systems , negative impact by wastewater and pollution , effluent standard

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UDC 504.064

KURANOV P. N.

Applying the Best Available Technologies concept in the substantiation of the system of engineering protection of natural water from pollution

Summary

The contemporary science-methodical and regulatory base supposes the wide application of the Best Available Technologies principle including the implementation of environmental protection activities. As a result of studies and model simulations three basic causes of underground and surface water pollution on the considered territory of the Sosnovsk oil deposit in the Samara Area were identified: fracking that includes discharging produced and waste water into the stratum; industrial waste leakages from cushion holes and service wells; leakages from distribution pipelines and tanks with the subsequent filtration through the aeration zone into underground and surface waters. A mathematical model of underground water filtration with establishing a specialized information system was developed. Simulating filtration in operating strata where industrial wastewater is pumped provides for evaluating the pressure of the stratum and, consequently, the so-called adverse effect level that is determined by the ratio of the pressure in the stratum to the fracking pressure. The calculations of underground water filtration were carried out both under stationary and non-stationary conditions with the use of MODFLOW Model. The basic conceptual framework of the Best Available Technologies principle as applied to the problem of designing the systems of engineering protection of underground and surface water from pollution is presented. The example of implementing the presented conceptual framework in the location of landfills for produced and waste water discharges in the Samara Area is given. It was determined that the best option shall be chosen on the basis of the business and economic calculations.

Key words

ground water , drainage , mathematical model , surface water , best available technology , protection from pollution

DOI 10.35776/VST.2021.12.01
UDC 006.3:628.3:504.064

Rublevskaya O. N., Lysova Tat’iana, Alekseeva I. V., Tsvetkova Ekaterina

Problems of water and wastewater utilities with technological regulation and introduction of industrial environmental control

Summary

The requirements of the environmental legislation in the process of transition to technological regulation based on the process parameters of the best available technologies, the introduction of the industrial environmental control including systems for automatic control of pollution discharges and emissions, are given. An analysis of the regulations of the environmental legislation is presented, as well as a number of problems arising in the implementation of the requirements of these regulations in the introduction of the best available technologies and industrial environmental control at the wastewater facilities of water and wastewater utilities are described. Problems are highlighted in relation to the following factors: impossibility or redundancy of conducting an inventory of discharges for a number of pollutants; inadequacy of the 7-year deadline for the implementation of the programs for improving the environmental efficiency and plans of action for environmental protection in presence of several objects of the I and II categories of the negative environmental impact; redundancy of the requirements for establishing technological regulations for discharges at the level «from the achieved»; contradictions in the regulations that complicate the introduction of automatic control systems. The paper describes the experience of the construction and upgrade of the public wastewater disposal facilities operated by SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»; the practice of industrial environmental control, as well as the results of the interaction between the sectoral community of the water supply and wastewater disposal utilities; the conclusions drawn during updating ITS 22.1-2016 «General principles of industrial environmental control and its metrological support» in 2021. The ways of addressing the problems are proposed.

Key words

centralized water supply system , best available technology , program for the industrial environmental control , automatic control system , criteria for assigning objects to the category of negative environmental impact , inventory of discharges into the environment , организация водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.04
UDC 628.2/.4:006.3:349.6

Rublevskaya O. N., Lysova Tat’iana

Problems of applying novations of the environmental legislation
in relation to the sanitation facilities of the SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»

Summary

The novations of Federal Laws of July 21, 2014 No. 219-FZ (as revised on July 26, 2019) «On Amendments to the Federal Law «On Environmental Protection» and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation and No. 225-FZ dated July 29, 2017 «On Amendments to the Federal Law «On Water Supply and Sanitation» and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation that came into force on January 1, 2019 are presented in relation to the system of transferring organizations that provide for wastewater disposal to the best available technologies. It is noted that all the main progressive novations in the transition of water utilities to the use of the best available technologies and related preferences should be applied to the facilities of public sanitation systems that have received the status of public sanitation systems of settlements and urban districts. Problems requiring solution that impede the transition of water utilities to the best available technologies are outlined.

Key words

discharge limitations , water object , best available technology , technological indicators , operating standards , standards for permissible impact on water bodies , public sanitation systems of settlements , public sanitation systems of urban districts , negative impact on the environment