A new method for remote detection of water leaks in pipelines

Summary

The possibility of developing a new method for remote detection of water leaks in pipelines is considered. To develop the recommendations on the optimal implementation of altitude (aircraft or satellite) sounding in order to detect water leaks in pipelines, the main physical processes that affect the results of detecting water leaks by remote sensing are analyzed. The need for taking into account the following physical effects is shown: the dependence of the reflective spectrum of the soil on its moisture content; the dependence of the optical density of atmospheric aerosol (AOD) on the relative humidity (RH); inverse relationship between the air temperature and humidity; temperature dependence of the reflected signal of the soil due to soil drying. A new method for detecting leaks in pipelines is proposed that involves re-driving the water pipeline route and comparing the obtained spectrometric results taking into account the influence of the air temperature on the soil moisture and the degree of the atmospheric aerosol humidity.

Key words

water supply system , moisture contents , damping , leak , remote sensing , spectrum

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UDC 628.162/.163

Pavlov A. A., Dziminskas Ch. A., Kostyuchenko S. V., Zaytseva S. G.

Modern Technologies of Potable Water Preparation at the Sludinskaya Waterworks of Nizhny Novgorod

Summary

It is told about introduction, for the first time in Russia, of modern technologies of preparation of potable water at the Sludinskaya waterworks of Nizhny Novgorod: chlorammonization, ozonization, optimal system of coagulation, UV-disinfection that has allowed to optimize operational costs, to minimize negative by-effects and to provide high quality of potable water.

Key words:

potable water , water supply system , chlorination , ozonization , flocculants , disinfection , ultraviolet , chloramines

UDC 614.777:628.161.1:658.562.012.7
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.01

Lapin Pavel, Eliseev Dmitrii, Kopulov Sergei, Pashkova Valentina

The state of underground sources and public water supply systems of the Oryol Region and measures to improve the water quality

Summary

The state of the water resources inventory of the Orеl Region including underground and surface sources of water supply, is considered. The main causes of unsatisfactory water quality in public water supply systems are specified. To assess the quality of groundwater and water in water distribution networks in terms of microbiological and sanitary-chemical indicators, a method based on the filtration of a certain volume of water through membrane filters with subsequent identification by biochemical properties was used. The state of the underground sources of public water supply systems and distribution networks in the districts of the Orel Region for 2019–2021 is considered for compliance with the regulatory requirements. A number of measures have been proposed in order to implement the regional program «Improving the quality of water supply in the Orel Region» to improve water supply in the Region.

Key words

water supply system , ground water , microbiological characteristics , water object , centralized water supply system , sanitary chemical indicators

DOI 10.35776/VST.2021.12.08
UDC 628.1:94

Gasimov Anar

What hides the German reference book of the Tsarist-era?

Summary

There are very few pre-revolutionary editions of Hütte, a German reference book for engineers, architects, mechanical engineers and students, with a professional translation into Russian. One of the rarities is in the archives of Profactor Armaturen GmbH as its intellectual property. Hütte three-volume reference book, published in the Russian Empire in 1916-1917, allows analysts and engineers of the enterprise to find and get acquainted with interesting scientific and technical achievements of the early twentieth century. Selected information from the reference book is adapted for the preparation and publication of a series of review historical materials with original illustrations. The following overview from this series is addressed to specialists who are interested in the history and development of the heating system, gas, steam and water fittings.

Key word

water supply system , pipeline , sanitary engineering , profactor , German reference book Hütte , water supply fittings , heating equipment , sanitary fittings