DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.01
UDC 628.16.081:542.943-92

Seliukov Aleksandr, Rakhimov V. V.

Reconstruction of the ground water treatment plant
in Noyabrsk (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug)

Summary

The main results of technological surveys that form the basis for the project of reconstruction of the ground water treatment plant in Noyabrsk (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) are presented. The plant was built according to the project of DAR/VODGEO CJSC (Moscow) and commissioned in September 2006. The plant uses a new technology that provides for the sequential treatment of water with two oxidizing agents – hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate to remove iron and manganese compounds. The project shortcomings and incomplete implementation of design solutions complicate the regular operation of the plant and make it difficult to ensure the standard quality of drinking water. It was stated that ground water contained hydrogen sulfide in concentrations up to 0.1 mg/dm³, which required extra consumption of chemicals. Manual dosing of chemicals causes significant deviations from the required doses: from –14.5 to +19.1% for hydrogen peroxide and from –8.5 to +9.1% for potassium permanganate. It is pointed out that crude products of potassium permanganate produced by the P. R. China used as a chemical agent in drinking water supply, pose a threat of increased toxicity of drinking water. The determined value of the Langelier index (index of saturation with calcium carbonate) of ground water (–2.35 units) allowed to conclude that stabilization treatment by alkalization is required. The performed test water treatment with hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate in combination with alkalization showed that this process provided for achieving the residual concentrations of manganese < 0.1 mg/dm³ and total iron 0.1–0.15 mg/dm³ in the absence of residual hydrogen sulfide. However, to produce water of constant standard quality, high accuracy of chemical dosing is required that can only be provided by completely automated dosing. The project of upgrading the ground water treatment plant in Noyabrsk designed on the basis of technological research, allows to resolve the existing problems and ensure the standard quality of drinking water.

Ключевые слова

deferrization , ground water , hydrogen peroxide , potassium permanganate , demanganization , stabilization treatment , caustic soda , hydrogen sulfide removal

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.02
UDC 628.16.065.2-926

Oskolkov N. V., Bogdanov B. A., Mamaev V. V., Borovkov M. L., Nazarenko N. P., Golovin V. M., Pan’kov A. S.

Selection of optimal coagulation technologies and chemicals
for the purification of specific natural waters
(for discussion)

Summary

Over the past 25 years the leading Russian manufacturers of coagulants have been continuously busy with the optimization of processes, technologies, chemicals, facilities and equipment associated with coagulation of water primarily from water sources of specific composition – rivers of the North-West and South of Russia, Western Siberia and the Far East, Kazakhstan, etc. Mixed coagulants based on the synergistic effect of the interaction of components provide for an effective solution for purifying water of complex composition. In May 2020, the new GOST R 58580-2019 «Polyaluminum chloride. Technical Specifications» will come into effect that recommends the use of the chemical to the Russian water utilities regardless of the specific characteristics of the water sources used for water supply. This standard unreasonably regulates a number of indicators, iron concentration, in particular. This devaluates the efforts of researchers and practitioners aimed at improving the processes of purifying water of complex composition using iron-containing mixed chemicals.

Key words

aluminium polyoxychloride , mixed iron-containing coagulants , specific natural water , optimal coagulation technologies and chemicals

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.03
UDC 504.4.054:528.88

Agaev F. G., Dzhafarova B. L., Alieva A. D.

Development of a new method of estimating the quality
of contaminated water

Summary

The article dwells upon the development of a new method of estimating the quality of contaminated water in water sources. At present, the water quality index is most widely used which is a calculated parameter indicating the cumulative effect of all factors characterizing the water quality. A brief review of the indicators for estimating the pollution of water bodies is given. A well-known fact about the presence of some statistical relationship between the value WQIj of a water body and the type of the reflectance profile is selected as the fundamental proposition of the conducted studies. On the basis of two known indicators of the water body pollution: WQIj water quality index recommended by the World Health Organization, and multifaceted regression estimate, a new indicator is developed in the form of a scalar polynomial, numerically equal to WQIj value for the studied sampling point. The possibility of using the database information on the pollution of the studied water body is shown to calculate the proposed estimation of its pollution.

Key words

water sample , water body , regression estimated , pollution factors , reflection

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.04
UDC 628.2/.4:006.3:349.6

Rublevskaya O. N., Lysova Tat’iana

Problems of applying novations of the environmental legislation
in relation to the sanitation facilities of the SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»

Summary

The novations of Federal Laws of July 21, 2014 No. 219-FZ (as revised on July 26, 2019) «On Amendments to the Federal Law «On Environmental Protection» and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation and No. 225-FZ dated July 29, 2017 «On Amendments to the Federal Law «On Water Supply and Sanitation» and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation that came into force on January 1, 2019 are presented in relation to the system of transferring organizations that provide for wastewater disposal to the best available technologies. It is noted that all the main progressive novations in the transition of water utilities to the use of the best available technologies and related preferences should be applied to the facilities of public sanitation systems that have received the status of public sanitation systems of settlements and urban districts. Problems requiring solution that impede the transition of water utilities to the best available technologies are outlined.

Key words

discharge limitations , water object , best available technology , technological indicators , operating standards , standards for permissible impact on water bodies , public sanitation systems of settlements , public sanitation systems of urban districts , negative impact on the environment

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.05
UDC 628.3:504.064

Saakian Iu. Z., Grigor’ev A. V., Kravets E. A., Rudakov E. N., Faddeev A. M., Shkarupa A. A.

Analysis of the «Methods of developing standards for permissible discharges of substances and microorganisms into water bodies for water users» against the background of the water protection legislation
(for discussion)

Summary

The analysis of the current edition of the «Methods of developing standards for permissible discharges of substances and microorganisms into water bodies for water users», approved by the Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia dated December 17, 2007 No. 333 for consilience and compliance with the regulations of the water protection legislation, is carried out. Uncertainty of the application of the Methods in the conditions of the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors that are independent of a specific water user on the quality of water has been identified. The provisions of the Methods contradict the principles of regulating the impact on water bodies based on the best available technologies shown on the examples of approved process indicators of the concentrations of various industrial pollutants in wastewater. An analysis of the system of regulating the permissible impact on water bodies and the geographical differentiation of water quality standards within the boundaries of the Russian Federation, together with the system of water quality targets, also showed that the Methods do not comply with the basic principles of the water protection legislation.

Key words

water quality , best available techniques , water object , permissible discharge norm , regulatory standard of the permissible impact

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.06
UDC 628.1/.3:681.518:004.89

Alekseev S. E., Alekseeva T. R.

Development of the mechanisms of digital transformation of water utilities

Summary

One of the main challenges the Russian economy faces is the major upgrade and digital transformation of all the sectors including water supply and sanitation systems. The technological inferiority, depreciation of fixed assets and lack of investments hinder the development of the water industry. In these conditions, developing approaches and mechanisms to ensure the digital transformation of water utilities is required. Practice shows that one should start not with purchasing expensive software, but with developing a model of a water utility. As a result of the study, an approach to developing a digital model of a water utility based on the integration of ontological modeling its activities, modernization tools for water utilities and computer technology was proposed. A number of effective tools for upgrading water utilities are considered: GIS- and BIM-technologies, methods of operating water supply and sanitation facilities, etc. The concept of a «digital model of the water utility activities» is substantiated and the structure of the basic elements of the conceptual level of this model considering the specifics of the water utilities is proposed. The practical application of the new approach will contribute to the effective digital transformation of water utilities and the enhanced development of the water industry with timely updating fixed assets, taking into account cost savings and improving the quality of services.

Key words

life cycle , digital transformation , digital model of a water utility , ontological modeling , facility upgrade , BIM-technologies , fixed assets

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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.07
UDC 628.12:621.8

Khadeev R. G.

Method of pressure control in the water supply system

Summary

A method for pressure control in the network during the operation of pumping stations of the second elevation is proposed. The device consists of an asymmetric planetary differential connected to an eddy-current slip clutch. The method provides for maintaining the maximum efficiency and economic operation of the pump in the entire regulating range. The design of the pressure regulator in the network can be estimated by comparing the calculated efficiency value that is at least 94% for the minimum flow rates whereby the regulation is very difficult. At the optimal flow rates in the system there are no tangible losses. The synchronous electric motor is most resistant to overloads; while at the minimum flow rates it provides for the required pressure consuming the minimum amount of electricity and at the same time maintaining the rated rpm. The mechanism was implemented in models and proved the claimed parameters. The presented control scheme neither has been approbated at existing facilities, nor its technical and economic parameters have been investigated, so far. It can be used in pressure control systems of a municipal water supply system, in control systems at industrial enterprises and in individual water supply systems in private houses.

Key words

pumping station , eddy-current clutch , planetary differential , torsion torque , pressure control in a network

DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.08
UDC 628.144:614.842.62:006.015.7

Primin Oleg

Optimization of the choice of diameters of the pipelines
in the water distribution network considering the fire safety

Summary

With the arrangement of combined drinking water and fire water supply systems, the importance of the distribution network increases even more, since additional functions are assigned to provide for the transportation of large amounts of water for firefighting. Meeting the firefighting requirements in conditions of a significant reduction in water consumption in most cities of Russia leads to negative consequences associated with low (0.1–0.3 m/s and less) flow rates and stagnation of water in some sections of the distribution network. Thereby, the organoleptic properties of water may deteriorate expressed in the appearance of flavors, unpleasant odors, increased turbidity and color, etc. In this regard, measures are required to optimize the choice of pipe diameters, to ensure and maintain the required quality of transported water in outdoor urban and distribution networks, and to guarantee meeting the required fire extinguishing standards. The research results and hydraulic calculations for assessing the minimum permissible water flow rates and minimum pipe diameters of submain networks are given taking into account the provision of external and internal firefighting. The tests were carried out in real conditions of the municipal water supply ring main in high- and low-pressure zones.

Key words

water consumption , flow rate , water supply network , head , water supply system , firefighting , velocity , nodal abstraction

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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.02.09
UDC 628.24:626.132.4

Perminov N. A., Perminov A. N., Zhitenev A. I., Klementyev M. N., JUDIN M. Iu., Mezentsev A. F.

Choosing a technology for repairing sewers operated in difficult soil conditions with account of the geometric irregularity of the tunnel sections

Summary

Long-running sewer tunnels in large cities have a degree of deterioration of up to 55% or more. Difficult engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions for tunnel laying, as well as intense anthropogenic impacts cause an increase in the defect rate of sewer tunnels. Based on calculations and hydraulic modeling, it is shown that with a high load of sewer tunnel networks and the impossibility to stop completely the transportation of effluents, the primary objective in choosing measures for repair and rehabilitation of tunnels is the search for technical solutions that provide for the maximum wastewater flow after the rehabilitation given the cross-section narrowing and geometrically irregular sections. The successful experience of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» in the rehabilitation of sewers with narrowing sections without stopping the transportation of wastewater using technologies that meet these requirements is presented.

Key words

discharge capacity , operation reliability , sewer tunnel , complicated ground conditions , vibration strength , subsidence , cross-section narrowing , repair technology

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