DOI 10.35776/MNP.2019.09.07
UDC 628.356
Bazhenov V. I., Ustiuzhanin A. V., Koroleva Ekaterina
Aeration for wastewater biological treatment: updating foreign terms and abbreviations
Summary
The study of domestic and foreign methods for aeration tanks evaluation and their design guidelines is presented. The analysis of modern approaches to the calculation of treatment facilities indicates that the calculated air flow rate is determined in accordance with the oxygen demand of the biological process for the oxidation of organic compounds, nitrification and denitrification. International terms and abbreviations have been adapted to Russian analogues taken in conjunction with the theory of oxygen mass transfer, as well as the international guidelines for the design of wastewater treatment facilities. The difference between the field (experimentally measured) and calculated (determined for the design) parameters OUR and AOR, SOTR and SOR is explained. Balance equality between OTR and AOR is an optimal and economical design solution. It is noted that the use of updated international terms and abbreviations in tender and competitive procedures (during design and delivery) will simplify their implementation and ensure mutual understanding between the parties. The need for regulation of the air supply to aeration tanks is justified by the balance of oxygen «consumption – transfer». In dynamic conditions for regulated systems OTR → OUR. With the automated maintenance of the set point for the concentration of dissolved oxygen this condition provides for the savings in energy consumption.
Key words
wastewater , biological treatment , nitrification , denitrification , aeration tank , aeration system , oxygen mass transport , terms , abbreviations , air flow rate control , OUR , AOR , OTR , SOTR , SOTE
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UDC 628.35:663.5
Aronova T. A.
The Use of Bioblocks at Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Summary
Results of the experimental study of development of a flow chart of wastewater treatment at distilling plants processing the grain raw material are presented. A two-stage flow chart with sludge separation at each stage is rational for such processes. The process of biochemical oxidation of organic pollutants in the course of biological treatment of concentrated wastewater of distilling plants is described the most reliably with the equations of fermentative reactions. Kinetic constants and oxidation coefficients for this type of wastewater in two-stage aeration tanks have been determined; technological parameters of aeration tanks operation up to any desired level of treatment ensuring the conditions of treated wastewater discharge have been calculated on the basis of them. Optimizing calculations have been made and technological parameters of the optimal conditions of the two-stage aeration tank operation up to indicators of complete biotreatment have been determined according to these kinetic constants determined.
Key words
aeration tank , high concentrated wastewater , two-stage treatment , kinetic constants , optimization of treatment systems
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2021.09.06
UDC 628.355.1
Mashchenko Zinaida, Bakharev Vladimir, Egorova Yu. A., Nesterenko O. I., Русских Я. М.
Effect of benzylpenicillin sodium salt on the species composition of activated sludge biocenosis
Summary
The species composition of activated sludge depends on many abiotic and biotic factors. To date, there is a problem of the presence of trace pharmaceuticals in wastewater that negatively affect the organisms of activated sludge performing biological water treatment. Antibiotics are drugs that cause disturbances in the metabolism of activated sludge and lead to a decrease in the level of water treatment. These substances inhibit the survival and reproduction of some types of organisms, and also result in the development of resistance in bacteria. The results of studies on the effect of benzylpenicillin sodium salt on hydrobionts of activated sludge with single and repeated exposure within 72 hours are presented. The general properties of the sludge – color, smell, bulking, sedimentation – were estimated. To study the sludge biocenosis, we used the «crushed drop» method with a magnification of ×1000. While analyzing the microscopic slides, the number of hydrobionts of activated sludge and their general condition were taken into account. The following species were used as indicator organisms: naked amoeba Amoeba, testate Testacea, flagellate Flagellata, rotifers Rotaria, infusoria Vaginicola, Epistylis and Aspidisca, worms Nematoda and Oligоchaeta, tardigrades, filamentous bacteria. The obtained data testified to the satisfactory operation of the activated sludge under the experimental conditions. However, with repeated addition of benzylpenicillin sodium salt, the nitrification processes may deteriorate.
Key words
aeration tank , activated sludge , wastewater biological treatment , antibiotics , municipal wastewater treatment facilities , benzylpenicillin sodium salt , hydrobionts of activated sludge
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UDC 628.315.2
Ambrosova G. T., Timofeev S. L., Rafal’skaia Tat’iana, Mansurov R. Sh., Kruglikova Anastasiia
Impact of natural and climatic factors on the efficiency
of open wastewater treatment facilities operation
Summary
The problem associated with the impact of natural and climatic factors on the efficiency of wastewater treatment in open treatment facilities is considered. The analysis of methods for calculating the basic units for mechanical treatment (primary settling tanks) and biological treatment (aeration tanks and secondary settling tanks) of municipal wastewater is presented. It is indicated that at the design stage of the complexes it is important to calculate correctly the temperature of the incoming wastewater. The long-term practice of operating municipal wastewater treatment facilities has shown that with a long retention time in open facilities waste liquid can be cooled during the cold period of the year and heat up to about 1.5–6 °C during the warm one. In the first case this negatively affects the processes of sedimentation of suspended solids in settling tanks and oxidation of organic substances in aeration tanks; whereas in the second case this negatively affects the saturation of mixed liquor in aeration tanks with oxygen resulting in a reduced treatment level. The purpose of the work was to develop recommendations that allow at the design stage of wastewater treatment facilities to correctly calculate the temperature of waste liquid in open structures for a certain project that has specific climatic conditions. To achieve this goal the data of laboratory and in-process control of the operating wastewater treatment complexes were analyzed. A theoretical analysis of the currently used methods for designing wastewater treatment facilities has been made; research has been carried out at the operating facilities. Mathematical models widely used in heat engineering have been studied to determine heat losses from the open surface and through enclosing structures as well as the heat input from solar energy and exothermic reactions.
Key words
aeration tank , sewerage treatment facilities , evaporation , primary and secondary settling tanks , wastewater temperature , cooling , evaporation , convection heat exchange
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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.01.03
UDC 628.355
Zalyotova N. A., Zalyotov S. V.
The study of the response of dehydrogenase activity
of sludge to a change in the process parameters of an aeration tank
Summary
The biological method of wastewater treatment is a comprehensive multicomponent process; the activities of the enzyme system being the key component of it. It is known that dehydrogenases have been one of the most important enzymes the ensure the biological process. The complicated mechanism of the action of enzymes has not been fully described so far; however, in the practice of monitoring biological treatment processes, an indicator of the dehydrogenase activity of sludge is used. The research results provided for supplementing the available information with actual data on the interdependence of the level of dehydrogenase activity of sludge and indicators of individual process parameters of biological treatment. It was shown that the mode of operation of aeration tanks (organic matter load on sludge, dose of activated sludge, etc.) and the values of the initial dehydrogenase activity and dehydrogenase activity of the same sludge sample with weakly concentrated solution (DASН2О) are interconnected and depend on the organic load on sludge. The results of the study can be used to control the biological process of wastewater treatment.
Key words
wastewater , biological treatment , aeration tank , activated sludge , active sludge dosage , dehydrogenase activity , organic matter load on sludge
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UDC 628.35
Rublevskaya O. N., Kolosov D. E., Veresova M. V., PANKOVA G. A.
Studies of the toxicological effect of aluminium compounds on the activated sludge biocenosis in aeration tanks
Summary
To provide for eliminating phosphorus from wastewater in the process of tertiary treatment in order to inhibit the eutrophication of the receiving water bodies iron- and alumunium containing chemical are used. At the wastewater treatment facilities operated by SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» chemical removal of phosphorus from wastewater was carried out with imported ferrous sulfate (III); beginning from 2012 domestically-produced aluminium sulfate has been used. Transfer to aluminium sulfate was supported with a series of experimental and research studies; one of them aiming at studying the toxic effect of aluminium and ferrous (III) salts on activated sludge in aeration tanks. The review of different assessments of the toxicity of aluminium compounds in relation to plants and animals in general is presented; the results of individual studies of the aluminium sulfate and ferrous (III) sulfate effect on the activated sludge biocenosis in aeration tanks are presented. During the analysis mixed liquor samples treated with different chemical dosages were fed with acetate ions and aerated for 18 hours under similar conditions; after that the sludge samples were subject to microscopic examination. The absence of any toxic effect of aluminium sulfate on the sludge biocenosis at the metal concentrations up to and including 64 mg/l was shown which exceeded the chemical dosages used in practice dozens of times. During the introduction of higher dosages of aluminium sulfate or ferrous sulfate the inhibition of aquatic life was caused by pH decrease; whereas at pH correction with alkali liquor no symptoms of the biocenosis inhibition was noticed. Further increase of chemical and alkali dosages up to 1000 mg/l as aluminium or iron caused the inhibition of aquatic life because of the total solids increase which is fatal for the fresh water biocenosis.
Key words
aeration tank , aluminium sulphate , aluminium , toxic effect , activated sludge resistance , resistance of indicator microorganisms of activated sludge
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UDC 628.356.57.001.5
SHVETSOV V. N., MOROZOVA K. M., Smirnova I. I., Semenov Mikhail, Lezhnev M. L., Ryzhakov G. G., Gubaydullin T. M.
The Use of Bioblocks at Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Summary
Results of the laboratory study of an aeration tank operation for the purpose of technological comparison of two new modified bioblocks, BBZ-45P-14 and BBZ-65P-10, having the similar surface structure but different geometric parameters are presented. It is shown that these bioblocks can be used successfully in aeration tanks for immobilization of microorganisms of activated sludge. The tests of loading material samples have been carried out at biomass density in bioblocks of 0,3–0,36 kg/kg, at equivalent concentration of sludge in the system – 2,3 g/l. The bioblock BBZ-65P-10 is used preferably in aeration tanks, BBZ-45P-14 – in aeration tanks with low load on activated sludge, blocks of aftertreatment for additional clarification of water treated biologically and in biofilters for build-up of biological film. The comparison of results of tests on rate of activated sludge adhesion obtained with new types of bioblocks and BBZ-65 tested earlier makes it possible to conclude that the adhesion process goes off more intensively on rougher surfaces of modified models of bioblocks.
Key words
wastewater , biological treatment , biofilter , bioblock , aeration tank , secondary settling tank , adhesion , activated sludge
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UDC 628:339
Korziukov N. I., Zviagin G. K., Os'kin D. V.
WAMGROUP® Company – 10 years in Russia
Summary
WAMGROUP® Italian Company has been among world leaders in developing and manufacturing equipment for mechanical treatment of wastewater. The specialists of the company offer a number of innovative solutions that meet the specific demands of the companies designing water wastewater treatment facilities. The information on the implemented project of wastewater treatment facilities in Bokino village of the Tambov Region in the Tambov Area with the use of GCP mechanized screw screens is presented. The process line consists of several wastewater treatment stages including mechanical (removal of coarse litter and sand), biological (removal of organics and nutrients), and several stages of tertiary treatment, sedimentation and filtration. At the final stage of the process line the effluent is UV disinfected and discharged into the Tsna River. Commissioning the newly built wastewater treatment facilities provided for improving the living conditions for the residents, the ecological state of the Tsna River which is the main waterway in the Tambov Area, and the safety and quality of the beaches in the city of Tambov.
Key words
sedimentation tank , wastewater , nitrification , aeration tank , sewerage treatment facilities , screw mechanized screen , gravity grit chamber
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UDC 628.35:004.69
Egorova Yu. A., Levin D. I., Liushina L. F., Petropavlovskii S. A., Bazhenov V. I., Danilovich Dmitrii, Noskova I. A.
Integrated upgrade of the Samara municipal wastewater treatment facilities
Summary
The experience of «Samarskie Kommunal’nye Sistemy» LLC in designing, constructing and upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment facilities with a capacity of 450–750 thousand m3/day is presented. Considering the adverse ecological state of the midstream and downstream of the Volga River the task of improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment is of top priority that has been approved by the Program adopted by the Department of Energy and Public Utilities of the Samara Area for 2013–2019. The results of retrofitting wastewater biological treatment technology on the basis of UCT Process with unique zone and recycling layout barrangement by modifying the existing capacities of four-corridor aeration tanks are presented. The justified technical solutions of the key facilities that determine the energy and structural efficiency of the project of upgrading the air blower house with the use of mechanically regulated air blowers (the capacity range of each 59.4–132.1 thousand Nm3/h) and constructing two sludge pumping stations with 15000–27360 m3/h regulated wastewater flow are set. The process automated control system has been introduced. The tied to time design works required fast and efficiency calculation methods with the use of process simulation modeling in GPS-X environment (ASM2d model), computerized fluid dynamics – in ANSYS Fluent environment. The prediction of the dynamics of the treatment efficiency changing within 24 hours while ensuring average daily concentrations in mg/l – suspended solids – 15.5; BOD5 – 5.7; COD – 34.9;
N–NH4 – 0.25; N–NO2, N–NO3 – 7.02; P–PO4 – 0.68 is given. Relatively high washout of suspended solids is caused by the significant design value of sludge index 150 сm3/g. In the implementation phase of the environmentally efficient measures the construction of tertiary treatment facilities valued at 400 million rubles (about 30% of the total cost of the upgrade of the entire facilities) was rendered economically unviable. Before commissioning the actual energy saving of 13 mln kW·h/year including 8.8 mln kW·h/year owing to the replaced air blowers, 4.2 mln kW·h/year owing to the sludge pumping stations with submerged pumps that replaced airlift was achieved. The performance targets of the projects and the technical solutions applied measure up to the best available technologies.
Key words
reconstruction , energy efficiency , best available techniques , aeration tank , simulation modeling , wastewater treatment facilities , UCT process , GPS-X
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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2020.07.07
UDC 628.356.5
Kevbrina M. V., Novikov S. N.
Method of analyzing the operation of secondary settlers with the purpose of the optimization (for the discussion)
Summary
According to the results of laboratory tests on determining the sedimentation rate of sludge mixture particles in aeration tanks of wastewater treatment facilities, the curves of the gravitational mass flow, calculated in two ways, were plotted. Through the example of sludge mixture in the experimental aeration tank at the Lyuberetskie wastewater treatment facilities in Moscow, a method for analyzing the operation of secondary settlers State Point Analysis, based on the theory of mass flows, is presented. This method provides for estimating the operation of secondary settlers with the purpose of making an operational decision to optimize their operation. «Dry matter load on the surface of secondary settlers» indicator is proposed to be introduced into the practice of operating secondary settlers as another tool for the control of their operation. This parameter shows the amount of dry matter of the sludge mixture in the aeration tanks that is supplied per unit surface of the secondary settlers per hour, and corresponds to the incoming mass flow. The dependence of the concentration of suspended solids in the effluent on the dry matter load and sludge index is given. By changing the dry matter load on the surface of the secondary settlers the standard quality of effluent in terms of suspended solids can be ensured.
Key words
wastewater , biological treatment , sludge index , aeration tank , secondary settling tank , activated sludge
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UDC 628.356:661.63
KOZLOV M. N., KAZAKOVA E. A., Kharkina O. V., Dorofeev A. G., Nikolaev A. V.
A New Factor of Control of Facilities for Biological Removal of Phosphates from Wastewater
Summary
A new technological indicator making it possible to improve the efficiency and stability of phosphates removal at the facilities of biological treatment of wastewater for biogenic elements – the periodicity of change of phosphates concentration in the end of the anaerobic technological zone – is described. The use of this indicator reflecting the activity of phosphate accumulating bacteria has been assumed as a basis of a new algorithm of control of treatment facilities using the technology of biogenic elements removal and led to improvement of the efficiency of phosphates removal by 1,5–1,7 times.
Key words
biological treatment , aeration tank , efficiency , stability , concentration of phosphates , anaerobic zone , phosphate accumulating bacteria
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УДК 628.35:66.081.63
Ivanova O. V.
Опыт внедрения современных технологий на основе ультрафильтрационных мембран
Аннотация
Рассказано об опыте внедрения технологий биологической очистки хозяйственно-бытовых и промышленных сточных вод с использованием мембранного биореактора. Технология на основе погружных ультрафильтрационных мембранных модулей обеспечивает достижение жестких нормативных требований к приему очищенной воды в водоемы питьевого и культурно-бытового водопользования и рыбохозяйственного назначения. Применение ультрафильтрационных мембран способствует увеличению концентрации активного ила в аэротенке для глубокой очистки обрабатываемых сточных вод. Промышленный сток проходит механическую очистку на шнековой решетке, далее очищается физико-химическим способом в реагентном флотаторе, затем смешивается с хозяйственно-бытовым стоком и поступает в мембранный биореактор. Применение мембранного биореактора позволяет сократить площади, занимаемые очистными сооружениями. Сброс очищенного стока осуществляется в водоем рыбохозяйственного назначения.
Ключевые слова
aeration tank , activated sludge , wastewater biological treatment , membrane bioreactor , ultrafiltration membrane , back washing
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UDC 628.31.004.69
Rublevskaya O. N., Probirsky M. D., Lysova Tat’iana, Malysheva V. V.
The experience of the North wastewater treatment plant development and upgrade
Summary
The 25-year experience of operating and developing the North wastewater treatment plant in Saint-Petersburg is described. The stages of upgrading the wastewater treatment plant are presented: the first stage – complying with the Helsinki Recommendations on Baltic Marine Environment Protection (HELCOM) with regard to elimination of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from wastewater; the second stage – step-by-step 100% treatment of municipal wastewater from the combined sewage system by 2015 to comply with the HELCOM regulatory guidelines; the third stage – reduction of the volume and utilization of wastewater sludge. The improvement of the wastewater treatment plant provided for the upgrade of the facilities and equipment for wastewater mechanical treatment, sludge disposal, pretreatment of sludge mix before dewatering and other measures.
Key words
wastewater , nitri-denitrification , aeration tank , grate , grit chamber , sludge incineration , air blower , chemical phosphorus removal
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UDC 628.356.001.57
Meshengisser Yu. M., Shchetinin A. I., Esin M. A., Regotun A. A.
The experience of retechnologizing the existing wastewater biological treatment facilities
Summary
Retechnologization is an efficient advanced method of upgrading wastewater treatment facilities that has been successfully used by Ecopolymer Group for 10 years. Upon the completion of retechnologization of a number of wastewater treatment facilities with nutrient removal good quality of effluent at minimum construction works was achieved. The most perspective technology of removing nutrients from wastewater is multistage nitri-denitrification with the use of А/О- and А2/О-process flow schemes. Any type of aeration tank: two-, three- and four line facilities, complete-mix activated sludge systems, plug flow systems can be subject to retechnologization. Specific reconstruction design is determined with the help of mathematic modeling. Retechnologization of the wastewater treatment facilities has been carried out in more than twenty water and wastewater companies (Vodokanals).
Key words
biological treatment , removal of nitrogen and phosphorus , aeration tank , retechnologization
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UDC 628.54:676
Feofanov Yu. A., Tarasenkov Viktor, Cherniat’ev Anatolii
Specific features of paper mill wastewater treatment
Summary
The results of the operation of local and all-factory wastewater treatment plants of a separately located paper mill using waste paper and cellulose as raw materials are considered and analyzed. The following characteristic features of the factory wastewater are indicated: significant fluctuations in flow rate and composition, high concentration of organic matter, elevated temperature, etc. The conditions for the effective operation of the local treatment facilities, including chemical treatment and two-stage pressure flotation when using waste paper and cellulose as raw materials, are noted. The unit costs and amount of effluent pollution discharged after local treatment have been determined. The data on the efficiency of the all-factory biological treatment facilities including a moving-bed bioreactor and aeration tanks, are presented. Dependencies of the main process parameters of the facilities have been obtained that provide for predicting the treatment efficiency. Measures are proposed to improve the operation of local facilities and biological wastewater treatment facilities of a paper mill.
Key words
reagent treatment , wastewater , bioreactor , aeration tank , pressure flotation , local treatment facilities
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UDC 628.35: 661.5.63
Ospanov K. T., Elzhasov A. A.
Sewerage Treatment Facilities of the City of Astana (Kazakhstan)
Summary
The flow chart of biological treatment of municipal wastewater making it possible to increase the efficiency of removal of phosphorous compounds equally with the efficient removal of nitrogen compounds is offered. Advantage of this technology is possibility of reconstruction and modernization of operating treatment facilities with the maximum use of existing capacities. The technique of nitri-denitrification with a dephosphatation chamber is used at the operating facilities of the city of Astana. Zeolite of the Chankanayskoye deposit is used as a media. Zeolite intensifies the processes of advanced biological treatment of wastewater both for organic pollutants and biogenic elements.
Key words
sedimentation tank , suspended substances , wastewater , biological treatment , nitrogen , phosphorous , aeration tank
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.06.01
UDC 628.35
Smirnov Aleksandr Vladimirovich, Babichev Aleksandr, Fediunin Viacheslav, Fediunin Viacheslav
Improving the environmental safety of the Urals: upgrading the Southern Wastewater Treatment Plant in Yekaterinburg
Summary
The Ural region has been traditionally considered the «backbone» of Russia with the center in Yekaterinburg. The environmental safety of the region is largely ensured by wastewater treatment at the Northern and Southern municipal wastewater treatment plants. The current upgrade of the Southern Wastewater Treatment Plant has become the biggest over the past 7 years: 345 million rubles have already been invested in the building, installation works and equipment. In 2022, the allocated finance will be another 120 million rubles. In the process of reconstruction and modernization of the Southern Wastewater Treatment Plant the mechanical sludge dewatering facilities were subject to upgrade resulting in the double reduction of the generated wastes. More than 70% of aeration tanks (8 of 11 sections) were reconstructed with a complete replacement of the aeration system, and secondary clarifiers were reconstructed with the replacement of sludge sucker (6 of 15 tanks). In general, the upgrade of the biological treatment facilities provided for increasing the environmental performance and improving the state of the ecosystem of the Iset River.
Key words
wastewater treatment , modernization , sludge disposal truck , aeration tank , secondary settling tank , aeration system
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UDC 628.35:532.575
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.11.07
Iakovlev Igor’, Strelkova T. A., Nesterenko O. I., Abibullaev Dmitrii
Case study of using MI 2220-13 method for measuring wastewater flow rate in the feed channels of the aeration tanks at the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Summary
Case study of using MI 2220-13 «Method of measuring in gravity water pipelines by the filling level with preliminary calibration of the measuring section» for measuring wastewater flow rate in the feed channels of the aeration tanks at the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities of the Urban District of Samara is considered. The sequence of steps and operations of calibrating and finding the dependence of the flow rate on the measured level in the feed channel of the aeration tank is presented. The advantages of using this method lie in the possibility of determining the water flow rate from the measured level value using relatively simple and inexpensive level sensors. This approach is actively used by engineering companies while designing, including treatment facilities; however, at the stage of commissioning, the organizations responsible for commissioning often experience problems with setting up and debugging the operation of such flow meters.
Key words
aeration tank , measuring wastewater flow rate , open channel , MI 2220-13 measurement procedure
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.02.05
UDC 628.32:22.765
Semin M. M., Tokarev Nikolai, Iavtushenko Marina, Lobanov Fedor, Chukalina Tat’iana, Plekhanov A. V.
Use of a chemical regulator at the wastewater treatment facilities operated by MUE Vodokanal of Podolsk
Summary
Possible use of natural minerals based on calcium carbonate (monocalcite) to correct pH (carbonate-bicarbonate equilibrium) in order to improve the treatment effect of activated sludge bacteria in the aeration tank and the sedimentation properties of activated sludge in the secondary settling tank is considered. The sedimentation properties of activated sludge are corrected because of the interaction between functional oxygen-bearing substrata of activated sludge flocculation bacteria and calcium ions. As a result, firm, rapidly settling flocs are formed and, consequently, the value of the sludge index decreases compared to the technological line and settling line operating in the regular mode. It is recommended to use a chemical regulator to normalize the operation of the aeration tank in winter (possible bioflotation), spring and autumn periods at high hydraulic loads.
Key words
calcium carbonate , sludge index , aeration tank , secondary settling tank , activated sludge , bioflotation
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UDC 697.941:62.784.432:628.353
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.07.02
Savochkin Andrei, Larionov S. Iu., Riabchikov Boris, Shilov Mikhail, Kasatochkin A. S.
Developing a complex technology for removing aromatic hydrocarbons from industrial wastewater and air
Summary
The issues of the treatment of industrial wastewater of a petrochemical plant at the biological treatment facilities are considered. The results of studies and pilot tests at a real-world object with a complex technology of removing aromatic hydrocarbons from industrial wastewater and waste air generated during wastewater treatment are presented. A fine-bubble aeration method with an efficiency of pollution removal 85–95% was proposed for wastewater treatment. The process of disposing of air generated during wastewater treatment in a biofilter is described in detail. It is shown that the most important condition of the efficient biological air cleaning is the stabilization of the chemical composition of wastewater; therefore, the relative measures have been proposed for the implementation of the process. It is stated that while observing the given condition, the efficiency of air cleaning in the biofilter can reach minimum 90% at the specific capacity up to 100 m3/(m2·h).
Key words
biological treatment , aeration , biofilter , aeration tank , industrial wastewater , aromatic hydrocarbons , air pollution
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