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UDC 628.33:622.692.5
Sakulin A. S.
Comprehensive process solutions for oily wastewater treatment
Summary
The demand for a comprehensive solution of the problems of construction and upgrade of the local wastewater treatment facilities necessitates the need in manufacturing equipment sets that provide for the complete oily wastewater treatment cycle. Based on the experience in this field a most efficient economically feasible technology of industrial wastewater treatment – dissolved-air chemical flotation with subsequent filtration in different filter types is proposed. «Ecoservice» Company has developed modular treatment facilities placed in container units or demountable buildings. These are ECO-LS units (for storm water treatment), ECO-AM (for car wash sites) etc. For the enterprises of «Russian Railways» ECO-NS unit was developed that had a compliance certificate and an expert report of Rospotrebnadzor. In this unit the comprehensive approach to the treatment technology – chemical dissolved air flotation, mechanical filtration and sorption was implemented. The versatility of this scheme is in the use of different flotation units depending on the wastewater pollution level. Besides, the use of different filter media provides for eliminating specific pollutants – ammonium, phenols, heavy metals. The complex unit is designed for wastewater treatment to the standard of effluent discharge into fishery water bodies. Despite the fact that the given complex unit has been developed for «Russian Railways» enterprises it can be used in other industries to remove oil products from wastewater.
Key words
filtration , sorption , local treatment facilities , oil effluents , comprehensive technology , chemical flotation , modular treatment facilities
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UDC 628.32.004.1
Boichenko A. A., Gokov I. N., Miasoedov A. IU., Syrnikov E. V.
Local treatment facilities of the Belgorod Abrasive Plant OJSC
Summary
In the process of developing local treatment facilities at the Belgorod Abrasive Plant the experts of EkoTON Company used integrated multi-factor approach with exploratory design and adjustment of the facilities to provide for assured efficient wastewater treatment. Carrying our exploratory experimental design was motivated by developing an optimal process flow scheme of the local treatment facilities with account of the set of interrelated factors that determine both process and economic efficiency of their operation. As a result of the survey a process flow scheme was suggested that ensured meeting the standard effluent quality for discharge into the public sewer. The process flow scheme of the Belgorog abrasive plant wastewater treatment is described in details; the expediency of using EKOTON advanced equipment – flotation unit and MDQ screw dehydrator is proved. On the basis of experimental data on raw wastewater and effluent quality the efficiency of treatment was calculated and the parameters required to choose the optimal operation mode of the local treatment facilities were determined. The measurement results showed that the wastewater treatment efficiency has been permanent for the entire period of observing the initial pollution concentrations. This fact gives evidence of the correct choice of the process flow scheme with account of the operating schedule of the plant, pollution form etc. The high efficiency (to 98.2%) of reducing the concentration of grease, oils and oil products proves the optimal chemical dosages and efficient wastewater treatment in the flotation unit. The flocculant consumption is less than 25 kg per month as dry matter at the wastewater flow rate to 6200 m3 per month.
Key words
wastewater , grate , grit chamber , dehydrator , local treatment facilities , flotation unit
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UDC 628.35:66.081.63
Murashev S. V., Solov'eva E. V., Shilova N. K.
The experience of wastewater treatment technology approbation on the basis of a membrane bioreactor
Summary
The results of testing two low-capacity pilot plants for wastewater treatment with the use of different process flow schemes: with a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a secondary settling tank are presented. MBR technology provides for combining micro- and ultrafiltration with aerobic biological treatment of wastewater. On the basis of the obtained experimental data it is shown that the plant with the membrane bioreactor provides for higher treatment performances, chemical-free advanced phosphorus removal, sustained quality of discharged effluent and high efficiency of removing substances resistant to oxidation. The main drawback of the MBR technology is the need for regeneration of membranes with high efficiency that additionally complicates the process control. The data on the membrane throughput capacity varying depending on the bioreactor running time and efficiency of chemical regeneration of membranes is presented.
Key words
wastewater , water disposal , membrane bioreactor , local treatment facilities , chemical-free treatment
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UDC 628.54:676
Feofanov Yu. A., Tarasenkov Viktor, Cherniat’ev Anatolii
Specific features of paper mill wastewater treatment
Summary
The results of the operation of local and all-factory wastewater treatment plants of a separately located paper mill using waste paper and cellulose as raw materials are considered and analyzed. The following characteristic features of the factory wastewater are indicated: significant fluctuations in flow rate and composition, high concentration of organic matter, elevated temperature, etc. The conditions for the effective operation of the local treatment facilities, including chemical treatment and two-stage pressure flotation when using waste paper and cellulose as raw materials, are noted. The unit costs and amount of effluent pollution discharged after local treatment have been determined. The data on the efficiency of the all-factory biological treatment facilities including a moving-bed bioreactor and aeration tanks, are presented. Dependencies of the main process parameters of the facilities have been obtained that provide for predicting the treatment efficiency. Measures are proposed to improve the operation of local facilities and biological wastewater treatment facilities of a paper mill.
Key words
reagent treatment , wastewater , bioreactor , aeration tank , pressure flotation , local treatment facilities
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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2019.12.04
UDC 628.336.3
Variushina G. P.
Technological aspects of dewatering sludge of industrial-storm
wastewater of motor transport enterprises
Summary
Information on the conditions of generation, volumes, chemical composition and properties of sludge generated at the industrial wastewater treatment facilities of motor transport enterprises is provided. Examples of process engineering solutions for dewatering sludge generated during the wastewater treatment process are given. The technological aspects of enhancing mechanical dewatering of thickened sludge using high-molecular polyelectrolytes are considered. The data of laboratory experiments on choosing the type of flocculant, its dose, technological parameters of the process, as well as the results of determining the moisture content of dewatered sludge obtained in a model of a drum vacuum filter are presented. Examples of effective domestically produced dewatering apparatus and their technical characteristics, recommendations and criteria for their selection, as well as factors influencing the operational parameters of the dewatering equipment are given. It is found that the highest dewatering capacity of drum vacuum filters (residual sludge moisture content from 66 to 83%) can be achieved by using VPK-402 cationic flocculant for processing sludge generated at the workshop premises of a motor transport enterprise.
Key words
technogenic pollutants , local treatment facilities , industrial stormwater runoff , motor transport enterprises , drum vacuum-filter , high-molecular flocculant , equipment for mechanical sludge dewatering
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UDC 628.33:628.212.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.07.07
Sukhomlinov Viktor, Melekhov Roman, Golosniakov Vitalii
Efficient treatment of surface runoff
Summary
The experience of practical operation of flow-through systems for surface runoff treatment in different real-life environment on the territory of the Russian Federation showed their complete technological failure. In the estimation of specialists, the process and design parameters of flow-through plants do not comply with the design standards in force in the Russian Federation, the declared degree of surface runoff treatment being unachievable; that is, virtually, flow-through systems simulate treatment processes. Along with the traditional set of pollutants typical for surface runoff (sand, suspended solids, oil products and heavy metals), microplastics pose a real threat to water bodies that receive storm water. Technological inconsistency of flow-through treatment systems and new objective tasks of removing additional types of pollution from surface runoff necessitate the use of reliable process solutions for the treatment of surface runoff.
Key words
surface runoff , local treatment facilities , block-modular plant , pilot tests , flow-through systems , accumulating systems , microplastic
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