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Number 7 / 2022
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.01
UDC 628.166.085
Kostyuchenko S. V., Volkov Sergei, Tkachev Andrei, Strelkov A. K., SMIRNOV A. D., Baranov V. L.
Modern trends and peculiarities of UV disinfection usage in water treatment
Summary
A brief review of the amendments to SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 in terms of microbiological indicators and concentrations of substances associated with chemical disinfection in water treatment is given. The trends laid down in the new regulatory documents involve the use of the most effective process solutions in the field of water disinfection. A fundamental approach to the arrangement of multibarrier schemes for water disinfection, including the use of ultraviolet irradiation, is described. Examples of the water treatment facilities put into operation in large cities of Russia and overseas using the multibarrier principle of water disinfection using UV irradiation are given. The positive experience of upgrading water disinfection systems in drinking water supply systems of the cities in the Russian Federation and overseas, as well as the global trends and practice acknowledge the possibility of using UV irradiation as the most reliable and safe advanced disinfection technology.
Key words
chlorination , water treatment , chlororganic compounds , UV disinfection , multibarrier treatment technology , chlorine chemicals
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.02
UDC 626.812
Lapin Pavel
Surface waters of the Orel Region rivers and their main pollutants
Summary
The results of a study of the qualitative composition of surface waters in the basin of the main rivers of the Orel Region (Oka, Dnieper and Don) that revealed critical pollution of the surface waters with phenols in most rivers, negligible – with nitrite nitrogen, no excess of MPC for iron was found, with the exception of the Dnieper River basin. To reduce the degree of pollution of the surface waters, a program of budgetary support of the water supply and wastewater disposal enterprises shall be provided to enhance the transition to the best available technologies for wastewater treatment; the cooperation with neighboring regions shall be improved; monitoring of the main pollutants of the water bodies in the Orel region shall be carried out; and the technological control of economic entities shall be executed considering their negative impact on the water bodies.
Key words
treatment facilities , wastewater , oil products , phenols , surface water , environmental protection
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.03
UDC 544.723
Krasnova Tamara, Belyaeva Ekaterina, Belyaeva Oxana, Gora Natalia, Ivanova Liudmila
The use of carbon sorbents to remove manganese from aqueous media
Summary
The work is devoted to the study of manganese adsorption from aqueous solutions by carbon materials. The data on the concentration of manganese compounds in the surface and underground waters of the Kemerovo Region, as well as possible sources of its entry into natural waters are given. A brief analysis of the proposed methods of water demanganation is given. The experimental results of the studies of Mn (II) extraction from aqueous media under equilibrium conditions with carbon sorbents of different price categories, differing in the raw materials, production technology, technical characteristics and chemical state of the surface, are presented. It has been established that the greatest amount of manganese is extracted by ABG sorbent. The obtained adsorption isotherms were analyzed using the theories of monomolecular adsorption (Freundlich and Langmuir equations); and the main adsorption parameters were calculated. It is determined that the Langmuir model describes manganese adsorption isotherms with a lower correlation, which allows to assume manganese adsorption on heterogeneous adsorption centers. The approximate consumption of the sorbent required to remove manganese from water to the standard values was estimated. Per totality of the data obtained for the demanganation of natural waters, a carbon sorbent is proposed characterized with the high adsorption capacity in relation to manganese and coupled with the low cost.
Key words
potable water , ground water , carbonic sorbent , manganese , adsorption
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.04
UDC 628.35:665.666.6
Vlasov Dmitrii, Novikov S. N., Gavrilov Dmitrii, Skitovich Iuliia, Kevbrina M. V., Iliukhin Roman
Implementation of the first and second stages of the integrated upgrade of the Liuberetskie Wastewater Treatment Facilities of Mosvodokanal JSC
Summary
The Liuberetskie Wastewater Treatment Facilities have been the significant facilities of the Moscow wastewater disposal system that secure solution to the wastewater treatment tasks. In order to comply with the environmental requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation, Mosvodokanal JSC has been actively involved in the upgrade and modernization of the municipal wastewater treatment facilities in recent years. Since 2019 the works have been in progress to implement a large-scale project for the comprehensive upgrade of the Liuberetskie Wastewater Treatment Facilities. To date, two stages of the reconstruction have been completed. As a result, the emission of wastewater odors into the atmosphere has been practically eliminated at the new facilities, the efficiency of mechanical wastewater treatment has been improved, and the high quality of effluent has been achieved including nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), so that the effluent quality meets the current process standards based on the best available technologies.
Key words
nutrients removal , comprehensive reconstruction , advanced technologies of wastewater treatment , innovative approaches to handling wastes , odor control in the wastewater systems
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.05
UDC 628.312.5:577.18
Mezrin Nikita, Abramova Anna, Diagelev Mikhail, Isakov Vitalii
Estimation of the specific pollutants in municipal wastewater
Summary
The data of Russian and international studies on the methods of detection and identification of antibiotics in wastewater are presented. The information on the production and sales of the consumed drugs was used as a method for quantifying and predicting antibiotics released into the environment. The analysis of the data showed that by 2030 a massive increase in the consumption of antibiotics in Russia from 63.2 to 105.3 thousand tons was planned. The data on the number of detected antibiotics in wastewater from different countries are also presented. A classification of the methods used for detecting antibiotics in municipal wastewater is given, and the individual characteristics of each method with the inherent advantages and disadvantages are given. The choice of a specific method depends on the availability of equipment, qualified personnel, number and frequency of analyses, degree of accuracy, and other significant factors. The spectrophotometric method is one of the most common research methods for the detection of pharmaceuticals in wastewater.
Key words
wastewater , antibiotics , virus resistance , detection methods
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.06
UDC 628.25
Skibo Denis, Chupin V. R., Ogniov Igor
Improving the environmental safety of wastewater disposal system on the basis of emergency storage tanks
Summary
A new structure is proposed – an emergency storage tank for wastewater pumping stations that provides for improving the environmental safety and controllability of the wastewater disposal system by regulating wastewater in underground storage facilities. Owing to the specific features the tank usable volume is filled with wastewater from gravity sewers; the wastewater is retained in it for a certain time and removed together with the sludge eliminating any additional pumping equipment. The range of application of the emergency storage tank extends to the systems for the disposal of domestic, storm and industrial wastewater. This innovative device should become an essential component of the municipal engineering infrastructure and meet environmental requirements for wastewater disposal. Structural solutions adopted in the development of a horizontal storage tank as the main multifunctional accumulating element are focused on the possibility of installing this structure in the built-up areas of the city, as well as in adverse hydrological conditions. To determine the usable volume of horizontal storage tanks the standard mathematical modeling approaches were used with the help of the approximation method. A method is proposed for calculating the storage capacity of the tank, as well as calculating the volume of the ballast chamber of a horizontal storage tank. The aspects of the resistance to floating up of underground elements are considered. The modular principle of the tanks design provides for installing it both by trenchless and cut-and-cover methods; whereas the available additional ballast opens the door for operating in difficult hydrological conditions. It is recommended to equip the existing and projected wastewater pumping stations with the developed emergency storage tank.
Key words
wastewater , sludge , reliability , sewerage pumping station , emergency storage tank , controllability of the wastewater disposal system , wastewater flow control
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.07.07
UDC 628.221
Volkov Sergei, Luk’ianchuk Maksim, Zhitenev A. I., Rublevskaya O. N., Erofeev Vasilii, IGNATCHIK V. S., Ignatchik S. Iu., Kuznetsova N. V.
Systems for the removal of surface runoff: problems and solutions (for discussion)
Summary
For the hydraulic calculation of storm sewer networks removing surface runoff in our country, the concept of immediate removal of runoff formed as a result of rainfall has been used for more than 60 years. With this aim, the method of «limiting intensities» has been used up nowadays, implemented with the help of the methods laid down in Norms and Technical Conditions for Design 141-56, SNiP II-G.6-62, SNiP II-32-74, SNiP 2.04.03-85, SP 32.13330. 2012, CP 32.13330.2018. If we continue to be guided by this concept, then in order to adapt the operated systems to the current conditions, in most cases relaying all the networks with larger pipe diameters would be required, which is practically impossible not only from the economic, but also from the technical and social point of view. In the current situation, introducing alternative solutions for adapting storm sewer networks is needed, which, in comparison with relaying all the networks, are more economically justifiable. Among them, noteworthy are the solutions that provide for the detention and retention of water in sewers, and for reducing runoff coefficients. The effectiveness of these solutions is estimated using numerical modeling and analytical calculations.
Key words
drainage area , method of limiting intensities , climatic parameters , force of rain , rainfall duration , surface runoff disposal systems , travel time
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