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Aliev A. I., Pupyrev E. I., Samburski Georgi

Sludge disinvasion: recommendations to water and wastewater services providers related to meeting the requirements of the hygienic standards

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UDC 574.52

Bespalova K. V.

Assessment of the state of water supply sources under the conditions
of anthropogenic eutrophication of water reservoirs

Summary

Deterioration of the water quality in water supply sources and amplification of water treatment technologies have been typical pheno­mena under the conditions of anthropogenic eutrophication of water reservoirs. The results of water quality monitoring in the Kuibyshev water reservoir under normal and abnormal weather conditions are presented. The observations were carried out both at fixed and mobile stations with the use of traditional and automated measuring instruments. It was stated that phosphate concentrations in water influenced the rate and duration of algae growth (water bloom). On the basis of the observations in an abnormally hot year the prediction of the ecological state of the water reservoir under the conditions of global warming in the Lower Volga watershed is made. It is shown that under the conditions of excess nutrient load and global temperature increase the state of the Kuibyshev water reservoir as a water supply source will deteriorate. The measures are recommended that will provide for reducing the nutrient load in the water reservoir including the development and introduction of regional standards with account for the natural specifics of the given water supply source.

Key words

water supply source , water bloom , water reservoir monitoring , anthropogenic eutrophication , extreme weather conditions , global warming , regional water quality standards

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UDC 628.16.067.3

Filatov A. I.

Method of maintaining the steady grain-size composition of rapid filter media

Summary

During the operation of rapid filters the grains of the filter media inevitably wear off and disintegrate which affects adversely the output of the filtration plants. To restore the design grain-size composition of the filter media the upper reduced in size layer is usually removed. This process is fairly labor-intensive and economically unjustified. The consistency of the grain-size composition of rapid filter media can be maintained eliminating labor-intensive processes of manual removal of fine grains and media unloading and rescreening. A method of maintaining the steady grain-size composition directly in the filter by intermittent washing with preestimated stabilization rate is suggested. The formulae for calculating the rate and process stages of stabilization wash are presented.

Key words

rapid filter , filter bed , filtration plant , grain­size composition , intermittent wash , filter media fineness stabilization

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UDC 628.112.24:69.003.13

Fisenko V. N.

Energy saving in operating deep wells for underground water abstraction

Summary

The share of energy costs in the operating expenditures structure reaches 85%. Taking into consideration the requirements to the reduction of СО2 emissions into the atmosphere as well as the necessity of reducing the costs and water tariffs, energy saving is the priority task for the housing and utility enterprises, industrial, agricultural companies and water and wastewater services providers that are operating deep wells. Different options of installing water lifting equipment in deep wells are considered. The energy efficiency comparison was made on the basis of the software designed by Wilo Company (Germany), pump manufacturer. The specific features of hydraulic calculations of the combined operation of the pump and the well are considered. The data on the structural concepts for deep wells that provide for saving energy spent directly on underground water lifting is set. The economic and financial mechanism of inducing the measures to reduce the energy consumption by water and wastewater services providers on the basis of the conditions of their foreign investment self-sufficiency development is illustrated.

Key words

water intake , ground water , power saving , hydraulic design , submersible pump , well , lift pipes

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UDC 628.14/.21:621.391

Petsching Sylvia, Huainig Michael, Ovsiankin A. A., Lobanov Fedor

Cableless video inspection of pipelines with the help of built-in system of leak detection

Summary

The main application areas of Pipe-Inspector^® inspection device designed to carry out video inspection of water distribution pipelines and sewers for long distances (up to 50 km) without interrupting the operation are considered. The acoustic system of leak detection provides for the high picture quality and additional photographic recording. The main areas of using Pipe-Inspector® for sewer inspection are: detection of sections with big deposits to evaluate the necessity of cleaning the canal; detection of leaks or damages; routine maintenance; possible inspection of long canal sections. As an illustration the use of Pipe-Inspector^® system for the inspection of the water distribution system in Westfriesedijk, The Netherlands is presented. The municipal water company supplies water to 1.5 million private houses, companies and institutions.

Key words

pressure pipeline , water and wastewater systems , cableless video inspection , acoustic system of leak detection

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UDC 628.166.085

Kostyuchenko S. V., SMIRNOV A. D., Pokhil Yu. N., Bagaev Iurii

Introduction of UV-disinfection at the Novosibirsk wastewater treatment facilities

Summary

Water recycling in the modern municipal services is a comprehensive task. On one hand the city inhabitants should be supplied with high-quality drinking water meeting all the sanitary and hygienic requirements; on the other hand the discharged municipal effluents shall not produce any adverse effect on the environment. To fulfil these tasks the most advanced disinfection technologies that ensured meeting all the microbiological requirements to the drinking water and effluents were introduced at the Novosibirsk water and wastewater treatment facilities. The use of ultraviolet irradiation provided for the efficient multi-barrier protection in drinking water purification and environmentally safe disinfection of wastewater.

Key words

chlorination , disinfection , wastewater , water supply , water disposal , ultraviolet irradiation

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UDC 628.24

PANKOVA G. A., Klementyev M. N.

Mobile diagnostic package for the inspection of tunnel sewers

Summary

To maintain the wastewater disposal systems in proper working order and prevent from emergency situations regular inspections of tunnel sewers shall be carried out. For safety considerations technical inspections are usually carried out at night when the tunnel fill is minimal. However, there are sections that are difficult to inspect because of almost complete fill and impossibility of their temporary cutoff. It is impossible to guarantee detecting all the defects in the tunnel submersed section inspected. This predetermined the necessity of the systematic approach to efficient and comprehensive monitoring of the technical state of tunnel sewers; to the development and introduction of an automated system with the use of advanced hardware environment, numerical procedures and information systems. The mobile diagnostic package for the inspection of tunnel sewers developed by the experts of St. Petersburg Vodokanal is described. The presented equipment provides for obtaining reliable information on the state of both the above-water and submersed parts of the sewers. Inspection is carried out without cutting off sewers; at that the presence of workers in the tunnel is not necessary. The equipment is installed on the truck chassis. The mobile diagnostic package provides for building up the data base of the tunnel sewer state; determining maintenance and repair priorities.

Key words

wastewater , monitoring , tunnel sewer , mobile diagnostic package , sewer defects , operational parameters

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UDC 628.35:544.723

Nikolaeva L. A., Iskhakova R. I.

Enhancement of biological treatment of petrochemical industry wastewater

Summary

Possible utilization of water conditioning wastes of thermal power plants – carbonaceous sludge – for the enhancement of biological treatment of petrochemical industry wastewater is considered. The sorption capacity of carbonaceous sludge in relation to organic and inorganic admixtures in wastewater – phenols and ammonia nitrogen in standardized test solutions was determined. The results of experimental studies of wastewater of «Nizhnekamskneftekhim» PJSC showed that dosing of 600 mg/dm³ of carbonaceous sludge into aeration tanks provided for improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment in relation to COD by 36%; BOD5 by 15% ammonia nitrogen by 28% owing to the sorption component. Under contact conditions the kinetic dependencies of COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen reduction were obtained. With biotesting method it was stated that aqueous extract of carbonaceous sludge did not produce any adverse toxic effect on fish (guppies) and crustaceans (daphnia). The potential of using carbonaceous sludge of water conditioning at the thermal power plants for the enhancement of wastewater biological treatment processes is shown.

Key words

wastewater , ammonia nitrogen , phenol , carbonate sludge , adsorption-biological treatment , sorption capacity

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UDC 628.17.001.4

Butusov M. M.

Zero waste processing of wastewater sludge – production of biocoke

Summary

Municipal wastewater sludge has been dominant anthropogenic waste. The problem of its utilization is typical for any city operating a modern system of wastewater treatment. The tasks of optimal sludge utilization have not been solved on the global scale so far. In European practice different, often non-optimal technical solutions depending on the severity of the national environmental standards are applied. In a number of European countries expensive sludge incinerators have been built that provide for thermal utilization of the bulk sludge volume. The generated energy is used in the central heating systems. This technology is considered the most advanced though up to now it has not been supplemented with a cost-efficient and environmentally substantiated technology of processing generated ash. In Russia the bulk of sludge is landfilled; however, the need of developing efficient and environmentally acceptable technology of sludge utilization has become imminent. Pyrolysis is a possible solution of low waste sludge processing with conversion into a useful product – biocoke. The technologies of pyrolysis organic waste processing have a number of advantages over incineration.

Key words

wastewater , sludge , waste utilization , sludge incinerator , pyrolysis , biocoke