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Number 11 / 2023
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UDC 628
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.01
Strelkov A. K., Biriukov V. V., Shuvalov M. V., Tarakanov D. I.
Graduate department of the University in present-day conditions
Summary
With the view for the sustainable development of the graduating department of the higher educational institution, the need to expand the types of the activities was noted. The most promising areas of the department activities in the field of education, cooperation with industrial partners for the purpose of training specialists, carrying out research and design work against orders of industrial enterprises have been identified. The department of Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal of the Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture of the Samara State Technical University is 90 years. Information is presented on the activities of the department over the past 10 years, aimed at increasing the financial independence and developing human resources.
Key words
activities of the graduating department , educational activities , scientific-research and industrial works , industrial partners , specialized department
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UDC 628.161
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.02
Egorova Yu. A., Strelkov A. K., Nesterenko O. I., Strelkova T. A., Talovyria Larisa
Measures to supply Samara Urban District with drinking water from surface and underground water sources in accordance with 2.1.3684-21 and 1.2.3685-21 Sanitary Rules and Regulations
Summary
In accordance with the Resolution of the Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated January 28, 2021 No. 3, new sanitary rules and regulations have been approved and in force in the Russian Federation from March 1, 2021, requiring a more stringent approach to the quality of purified water: SanPiN 2.1.3684-21 «Sanitary and epidemiological requirements to the maintenance of the territories of urban and rural communities, to water bodies, drinking water and drinking water supply, atmospheric air, soil, residential premises, operation of industrial and public premises, arrangement and implementation of sanitary and antiepidemic (preventive) measures» and SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 «Hygienic standards and requirements to ensure the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors to humans». In this regard, the specialists of Samara Utility Systems LLC are carrying out a comprehensive upgrade and reconstruction of the water supply and wastewater disposal systems in Samara with the purpose of improving integrally the qualitative and quantitative performance of the systems. Measures have been developed for the reconstruction and modernization of water treatment facilities to provide for the concentration of residual aluminum and chloroform meeting the sanitary standards. The implementation of the activities is planned for the period from 2024 to 2041.
Key words
monitoring , water treatment , potable water quality , manganese , residual aluminium , chlororganic compounds , total iron , sanitary regulations and standards , surface water supply source , underground water sources , total hardness
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UDC 628.17
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.03
Vas'kovskii A. V., Konevskii E. V., Iakovlev I. M., Gorshkalev P. A.
Systematization and development of Samara Utility Systems LLC approaches to monitoring water delivery volumes to local water supply zones
Summary
To reduce water losses in the Samara municipal water supply system the specialists of Samara Utility Systems LLC have been monitoring the volume of water delivered to the inspected local water supply zones for more than 10 years. During this period, various approaches to this work were tested; the requirements to the observed parameters were determined, and solutions were found to problems that impede the effective control of the operation of the water supply and distribution system. Based on the experience gained, the main difficulties that interfere with the described work have been identified: interruptions in data transfer to the SCADA system, incorrect values in the database; errors of pressure gauges in buildings and a small number of points for measuring pressure in the local water supply zones; consumers who pay for the water services by standards and do not have metering devices.
Key words
monitoring water volumes delivered to the network , detection of latent water losses , acquisition of data on the operating modes of the water supply system
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UDC 628.17
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.04
Strelkov A. K., Gorshkalev P. A., Chernosvitov M. D., Gridneva M. A.
Calculated parameters for the reliability of the ring water distribution network with account of the changed water consumption rate
Summary
The water distribution network of a community is part of the water supply system and provides for the distribution of water upon the facilities and supply of water to consumers. One of the main indicators of the operation of a water distribution network is its reliability. Boundary parameters of the reliability of the network operation can be considered the operating time of the network in normal and emergency conditions. Due to the decrease in actual water consumption in populated areas, the water consumption in sections of the water distribution network decreases; therefore, the reliability indicators of its operation also change. Besides, with the introduction of the revised edition of CP 31.13330.2021, the calculated values of the water consumption in the network have decreased significantly, since the water consumption rates have been reduced by more than 15%. In accordance with these data, the reliability indicators of the water distribution network were calculated.
Key words
hydraulic design , loop water distribution network , network operation reliability , reliability parameters , water consumption rate
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UDC 628.316.12
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.05
Stepanov S. V., Panfilova O. N., Doubman I. S.
Results of studying the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater
Summary
The results of studies on the removal of heavy metal ions from acid-base wastewater of electroplating industry by neutralization, sedimentation and filtration are presented. During a laboratory experiment carried out with processing real acid-base wastewater of one of the enterprises in Samara with caustic soda, the optimal pH range found was 9.8–10.6. Using a flow through model of a vertical settling tank, the calculated hydraulic size of the suspension generated during the alkalization of the given wastewater category was determined that can be taken as 0.28 mm/s. The level of heavy metal ion removal in the process of galvanic wastewater treatment according to the flow scheme «pH adjustment – settling tank – filter with granular media» was experimentally determined in mg/l as: total iron 0.42–0.97; copper 0.028–0.087; nickel 0.016–0.073; zinc 0.047–0.28; cadmium 0.006–0.016. At the same time, the requirements for receiving industrial effluents into the Samara municipal sewer were met only for iron; whereas, the concentrations of other metals ranged from 0.85 to 13.3 shares of the permissible concentrations; therefore, in order to achieve the established standards, additional treatment was required, for example, by sorption.
Key words
wastewater , hydraulic size , filtration , galvanic production , heavy metal ions , neutralization
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UDC 628.35
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.06
Strelkov A. K., Bazarova Anastasiia
Estimation of the technical and economic expediency of biological wastewater treatment facilities for oil extraction enterprises using a biocenosis of aerobic thermophilic microorganisms
Summary
A process flow scheme was developed for the biological treatment of wastewater of oil extraction production enterprises using aerobic thermophilic microorganisms immobilized on inert media. Based on the constants of the equations of enzymatic kinetics of biological wastewater treatment obtained during the experimental studies, a methodology for calculating the facilities was adapted, and formulas were substantiated to calculate the residence time in aeration facilities providing for a set treatment level. A technical and economic analysis showed the feasibility of using the proposed biological treatment method in bioreactors with a biocenosis of aerobic thermophilic microorganisms immobilized on a biological media block. Based on the calculation of the life cycle cost, the economic feasibility of the developed technology for the treatment of wastewater from oil extraction production was proven; the prime cost was 25.68 rubles/m3.
Key words
biological treatment , life cycle cost , technical and economic evaluation , cost of wastewater treatment , aerobic thermophilic microorganisms , oil extraction production
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UDC 628.216
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.07
Strelkov A. K., Shuvalov M. V., Palagin Evgenii, Pavlukhin A. A., Teplykh Svetlana
Development of a combined drainage system within the boundaries of the historical settlement of Samara
Summary
The paper dwells upon the development of a combined drainage system within the boundaries of the historical settlement of Samara. The issues of centralized storm sewer systems that discharge their effluents into the Saratov reservoir, are considered. Of particular interest is the historical part of the city where architectural and historical monuments are located including an egg-shaped sewer laid at the beginning of the twentieth century. The effect of water consumption reduction on the fill rate of the pipelines and underloading of the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is shown. The physicochemical composition of surface runoff, as well as maximum permissible concentrations for the Volga River are considered. To correct the situation, using regulating (storage) tanks is proposed to develop a centralized combined drainage system at ten outfalls into the Volga and Samara rivers. A general sequence for the regulation, treatment and discharge of surface runoff has been developed presented in the horizontal diagram of the discharge of surface runoff. Possible development of a combined drainage system with the use of regulating tanks in a public storm sewer for the outfalls located within the boundaries of the historical part of Samara will solve the problem of removing surface runoff and provide for the partial additional workload on the municipal wastewater treatment facilities.
Key words
reconstruction , surface runoff , public wastewater disposal systems , combined drainage system , historical settlement
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UDC 628.32
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.11.08
Kichigin V. I., Iudin Aleksandr
Experimental and statistical models of the water yielding capacity of thickened excess activated sludge treated with chemicals
Summary
The technology of changing the specific resistance of excess activated sludge taken from the sludge thickener at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities was tested by processing the sludge with aluminum sulfate and polyacrylamide (PAA) with doses from 0 to 300 mg/dm3. The degree of impact of each chemical on the degree of sludge dewatering was defined. It was shown that PAA had a greater effect on the water yielding capacity compared to Al2(SO4)3 by 4.4 times with the chemical doses from 0 to 200 mg/dm3 and 2.2 times with the doses from 100 to 300 mg/dm3. Mathematical dependences of the change in the sludge specific resistance on the amount of Al2(SO4)3 and PAA added were obtained. The mathematical models are also presented in graphical form (isolines). The optimal doses of coagulant and flocculant for the chemical treatment of the wastewater sludge under study were determined.
Key words
surplus active silt , sludge specific resistance , mathematical and graphical models of the sludge water yielding capacity , optimal dose of chemicals
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