DOI 10.35776/VST.2021.04.01
UDC 628.161.3:544.77.052.22
Gandurina L. V., Frog B. N., Giro Kristina
Clarification of turbid water with the use of Praestol 650 flocculant
Summary
The efficiency of the individual use of the cationic flocculant Praestol 650 for the purification of turbid water is considered, depending on the turbidity of the source water and the conditions of flocculation. It is shown that the priority parameters that determine the effectiveness of the individual use of the cationic flocculant Praestol 650 for the purification of turbid natural water are the intensity and duration of mixing in the flocculation chamber. With a duration of at least 20 min and an average gradient of mixing rate G = 340 s-1, the efficiency of turbidity reduction is 96% (final turbidity being 7 mg/l). A 96% efficiency of the non-ionic flocculant with a molecular weight of 5–7 million was determined in a suboptimal flocculation mode with a mixing period of 5 min and G = 65 s-1.
Key words
settling , turbidity , flocculation , cationic flocculant , water clarification , mixing rate gradient
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UDC 628.161.3
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.03.02
Gandurina L. V., Budykina T. A., Iantsen O. V.
Removing fine clay impurities from natural water
Summary
The effect of the clay impurities (loams, clays, bentonites, kaolin) origin that determines the turbidity of natural water, on the kinetics of their sedimentation was studied. The percentage of clay impurities with a hydraulic size of 0.11 mm/s was determined. The effectiveness of the independent use of Praestol 650 cationic flocculant for removing clay impurities of various origin from turbid water is considered. It was established that the efficiency of natural water purification depended on the mineral composition and disperse characteristics of clay particles and could be increased for kaolinite-containing clay impurities from 69 to 91% by optimizing the flocculation parameters. It was shown that the optimal dose of Praestol 650 flocculant did not depend on the origin and disperse characteristics of clay particles and was 0.2 mg/l at an initial water turbidity of 107–187 mg/l. The possible use of the kinetic and flocculation characteristics of clay impurities in natural water to identify their mineral composition is considered.
Key words
cleansing , settling , turbidity , flocculation , hydraulic size , natural water , cationic flocculant , mixing rate gradient , clay impurities
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UDC 628.168.4
Gandurina L. V., Getmantsev S. V., Raff P. A., Nikiforova A. Ju.
Chemical aspects of decoloration of low turbidity natural water with aluminium salts
Summary
The mechanism of decoloration of natural water with aluminium sulfate aluminium polyoxychloride is considered. The complexing reactions of humus acids with aluminium salts mainly contribute to the decoloration of natural water. The parallel proceeding reaction of aluminium sulfate and polyoxychloride hydrolysis facilitates the reduction of aluminium ion concentration in treated water but does not reduce color. Empirical dependences of coagulant dosages on color and alkalinity of raw water have been determined. Higher efficiency and lower dosages of aluminium polyoxychloride compared to aluminium sulfate used for decoloration are stipulated by the polymer origin of aluminium polyoxychloride. The use of coagulants in combination with cationic Praestol 650 flocculant provides for improving the efficiency of decoloration by 10–20% at the optimal coagulant: flocculant ratio of 50:1 for aluminium polyoxychloride and 20:1 for aluminium sulfate.
Key words
chromaticity , natural water , aluminium sulphate , cationic flocculant , aluminium polyoxychloride , humus acids , alkalinity , hydrolysis , complexing
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UDC 628.33:551.577.21
Gandurina L. V., Andriyash E. N., Lovlin V. M.
The efficiency of flotofloculation treatment of industrial storm oil effluents
Summary
The results of industrial-scale operation of flotoflocculation plant for industrial storm oil effluents treatment in КWI (Austria) dissolved-air flotation unit with the addition of Praestol 853 cationic flocculant are presented. It was shown that the efficiency of wastewater treatment in the terms of residual oil concentration can be ensured at the initial oily waste concentration as high as 1300 mg/l and flocculant dosage of 5.5 mg/l.
Key words
oil products , wastewater , pressure flotation , cationic flocculant
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