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UDC 628.17
Danilov A. N., Hyamyalyainen M. M., Karabenin M. S., JUDIN M. Iu.
Water consumption dynamics in big Russian cities by the example of St. Petersburg
Summary
The common task of the water and wastewater utilities is efficient operation of the public water supply and wastewater disposal systems. To perform the task one should know the demand for the produced and supplied resource. The best indicator of the water demand is the specific water consumption by the population. Lately a steady decrease in water consumption in the Russian cities has been observed. Now the actual values of the specific water consumption by the population is lower compared to the set regulated values. The observed dynamics of this indicator demands a detailed study. To do this the factors that could affect the water consumption level were selected. On the basis of selecting the data on the domestic water consumption in Saint-Petersburg and the number of residents the specific water consumption values were calculated. The calculations provided for determining and substantiating the dependence of the specific water consumption by the population on the following factors: capital repairs in the apartment houses (including the plumbing), occupancy density and the age of the residents.
Key words
water consumption , operation expenditures , centralized water supply , strategic planning , specific domestic cold water consumption , reliability of distribution network operation
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UDC 621.65.003.13
Berezin S. E.
The Initiative 7 = 2 in the Interests of Both the Consumer and the Vendor of Equipment
Summary
The world's leading pump companies constantly informed about the modernization of their products and production technologies. However, experienced users often note that pumping units started operating 20 and even 30–40 years ago are not worse, but often more reliable than modern ones. Failures and breakdowns of pumps often occur not because of defective goods, but due to inadequate linkage of units’ parameters to the system which they are integrated in, as well as due to errors in the implementation of pumping stations, pipelines, electrical equipment, automation and other components of the pumping units. The price component of pumps is unreasonably higher than their functional significance comparing with other engineering components. It is important not the pump maker's label but uninterrupted operation at reasonable costs. 7 = 2 is a program of equipment delivery with a 7-year warranty for the same price as the 2-year one. Pumps and mixers made in Taiwan are already sold in Russia on 7 = 2 terms.
Key words
pump , operation expenditures , mixer , extended warranty , uninterruptedness , functionality
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UDC 628.292.65.011.4
Ignatchik S. Iu.
Ensuring of Reliability and Power Saving When Designing the Facilities for Wastewater Transporting
SUMMARY
Main propositions of methods of the designing of facilities for wastewater transporting, a collector – aeration station system as an example, at increased discharge of wastewater are considered. The consistency of substantiation of the decision ensuring that the system will guarantee reliable transporting and reduction of operation costs is presented. The numerical evaluation is limited with probabilistic [probability of no-failure operation P(t), intensity of failures λ and repairs μ] and parametric [output Q(t) and power consumption W(t)] indices of the system. The methods of calculation developed make it possible to substantiate technical decisions ensuring the reliability and power saving when reconstructing the facilities for wastewater transporting with due regard for requirements for human environment protection.
Key words
wastewater , reliability , power consumption , operation expenditures , pumping station , pumps characteristics
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UDC 628.162:62-278
Pervov A. G., Efremov R. V.
The Use of Nanofiltration Membrane OPMN-K for Production of Potable Water and Calculation of Operation Characteristics
Summary
Recommendation on the use of nanofiltration membranes OPMN-K manufactured by the Vladipor OJSC for natural water treatment and production of potable water of high quality are presented. It is shown that at the high efficiency of removal of iron, hardness, fluorine and ammonium ions from water the OPMN membranes are exposed considerably less to the danger of generation of calcium carbonate cake on them than the low pressure reverse osmosis membranes. Depending on quality of influent water and types of membranes these recommendations make it possible to determine the reagent consumptions for operation of plants. Calculations presented show that the use of OPMN-K membranes instead of reverse osmosis membranes ESPA makes it possible to reduce significantly expenditures for operation of the ground water treatment unit.
Key words
nanofiltration membrane , inhibitor , selectivity , operation expenditures , reverse osmosis unit
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UDC 628.292.65.011.4
PANKOVA G. A., Il'in Iu. A., IGNATCHIK V. S., Ignatchik S. Iu., Melnik E. A., Probirsky M. D., Karmazinov F. V., Mikhailov D. M.
Technical inspection of sewage pumping stations in Saint-Petersburg
Summary
Basic results of technical inspection of the pumping stations delivering wastewater to the treatment facilities are presented. In the process of inspection the following parameters are determined: the impact of physical wear of the pumps on Н–Q, h–Q, P–Q, Wуд–Q characteristics; actual schedule of wastewater inflow; probability and parametric pump reliability factors. The operation of the «feeding sewer – sewage pumping station – pressure sewer» system is analyzed. The investment efficiency of upgrading the engineering aspect of the pumping stations with account of the safety requirements in relation to the environment, reliability and energy saving during the equipment life cycle is estimated.
Key words
wastewater , power consumption , operation expenditures , pumping station , net discounted expense , design mathematical model , reliability estimation
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UDC 628.292.65.011.4
Ignatchik S. Iu.
Energy conservation and reliability assurance in upgrading sewage pumping stations
Summary
The main principles of reliability and energy conservation calculation method for designing the upgrade of local sewage pumping stations that are transferring wastewater to the treatment facilities are presented. When preparing a feasibility study of the project design the technology and probability indices of reliability for each element of the process part of the pumping station together with probabilistic and individual dimension reliability are determined. The option of upgrading the process part is selected with account of the environmental requirements and investment efficiency of the project.
Key words
wastewater , power saving , operation expenditures , pumping station , calculated hydraulic model , net discounted expense , reliability indices
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