UDC 628.11/.12:658.26:004.02
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.04.03
Baranchikova N. I., Yepifanov S. P., Dytte A.
Hydraulic calculation of group water intakes on underground wells equipped with pumps with variable speed drives
Summary
The use of variable speed drives at group water intakes on underground sources in water supply systems is aimed at saving electricity, ensuring efficient operation modes, improving the management engineering; however, without sufficient justification the desired result is not always effected. One of the reasons is the lack of calculation using an effective mathematical model that describes the movement of water in aquifers, wells, lift pipes and gathering mains, taking into account all the existing limitations, including the mode parameters while using variable speed drives in some or in all submersible pumps. The model is submitted in the form of an optimization task where the target function is the total power input of all the operating submersible pumps. The proposed optimization model provides for describing the modes of the group water intakes operating from the intake external boundary to the tanks. All the limitations of the optimization task can be divided into three non-overlapping groups as follows: balance, technologic, and performance ones. Having calculated the electricity consumption for all significant modes during the year and compared them with the costs at the existing modes without variable speed drives, we can make a reasonable conclusion about the applicability of a variable speed drive in one or more submersible pumps. The proposed model provides for arranging both efficient and technologically allowable operating modes.
Key words
frequency converter , water well , aquifer , submersible pump , hydraulic head , flow distribution task , optimization task , energy input , group water intake
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UDC 628.112.24
Ivashechkin V. V.
Durable wells with built-in downstream of the filter regeneration systems
Summary
The results of the studies of the durability of 224 unserviceable wells of 11 underground water intakes of Minsk city are presented. It is shown that the average service lifetime of the wells of typical design is 18–22 years, and the main causes of their outage are sanding and residual colmatage that cannot be removed by traditional repair works within the filters. A new design of a ground water well equipped with a system of downstream of the filter regeneration consisting of 4–5 polyethylene injection tubes (piezometers) is presented. The tubes have perforations opposite the well filter and are lead out onto the wellhead, installed in the hole clearance on the external boundary of the gravel package. Process flow schemes of chemical and chemical free well washing are suggested. It is shown that the symmetrical arrangement of the tubes provides for the radial directional washing flow in the gravel package at simultaneous operation of an airlift or a pump installed in the filter column. The technology of well construction is considered. The results of field testing the system of downstream of the filter regeneration of a new well in the mode of hydrodynamic washing drill mud and sludge out of the gravel package are presented. The suggested design of a water well with a gravel filter is specified by improved repairability, simplicity and can be recommended for underground water abstraction from soft water bearing rock.
Key words
water well , gravel filter , downstream of the filter regeneration , injection tube , near filter zone
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UDC 628.112.24:69.003.13
Fisenko V. N.
Life cycle of submerged centrifugal pumps in groundwater wells
Summary
The duration of a life cycle (energy efficient and operation) of a submerged pump in a groundwater well is determined by the characteristics of a tapped underground reservoir and the quality parameters obtained during underground reservoir tapping as well as by the technical characteristics and production quality of the submerged pump used related to the energy efficiency – SP(0,75) margin head in the energy efficient range and SP(0,7) in the operation range of the pump head-capacity curve. Making better use of the life cycle (energy efficient and operational) of a submerged pump in a well is possible with the help of additional technical control means in the well and on the surface; whereas the elongation of the life cycle is possible by using more advanced energy efficient pumping equipment, developments in the field weakly enhanced by the state, or by carrying out maintenance and repair in the well, or by artificial making up the underground water resources. The indicators of engineering level and product quality established by the manufacturer at the pump design stage that determine the margin head on the pump head-capacity curve, in the energy efficient and operational ranges effect the duration of the life cycle of a submerged pump in a well, and hence determine the structure and value of the possible expenditures of a pumping equipment user and the unit cost of the abstracted water.
Key words
water well , submerged centrifugal multi-stage pump , pump life cycle , specific yield , margin head in the energy-efficient range
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UDC 628.112.24:622.24
Romanov A. A.
The use of casing made of unplasticised PVC in the construction of water wells
Summary
The data on the practical experience of using pipes made of unplasticised PVC in the construction of water wells by the example of «AkvaStroiMontazh» Company is presented. The background of the emerging technology, problems in the introduction, the economic effect gained and other advantages are described. The use of casing made of unplasticised PVC in the construction of water wells facilitates work intensification, well cost reduction etc. Different patterns of technical and engineering factors influencing borehole curving (e.g., the dependence on the number of rolling cutters or bit blades) were defined. To prevent borehole curving special attention should be paid to the value of drilling bit weight and control of the rotation speed. These parameters are of prime importance for the drilling efficiency. Increasing the boring speed is the most evident method of well cost reduction. The experience of «AkvaStroiMontazh» Company proves the growth of using casing made of unplasticised PVC in water well construction in Russia. The innovative technology of well boring has a great potential and numerous advantages.
Key words
water well , drilling mud , casing made of unplasticised PVC , borehole curving , rolling drilling bit
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UDC 628.112.2
ALEKSEEV V. S., Martintsov S. M.
On the evaluation of the life cycle of the wells operating at the existing water intakes
Summary
Life cycle or useful life expectancy of fixed assets including water abstraction wells is regulated by RF Government Decree No. 1 of 2002. For water abstraction wells the life cycle is 15–20 years. Besides, the requirements to the life cycle in the environmental management system are formulated in the system of RF state standards authentical to ISO 14000. On the basis of the experience of operating underground water intake facilities is shown that reaching the design operating life is possible only on the condition of complying with the requirements to the selection of well filters and gravel packages for water abstraction mode that minimize the hydraulic losses in the near-filter zones. The guidelines for meeting these requirements have been formulated. At the stage of hydrogeological survey of the underground water resources assessment is suggested to make predictions of the water corrosiveness and the ability to release clogging compounds and biological colmatage.
Key words
water well , environmental management , near filter zone , life cycle , useful life expectancy , hydraulic losses , colmatage
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UDC 628.112.2
Tsymbalov A. A.
Overhaul period of water well rehabilitation
Summary
Annual construction of water wells, operation and maintenance of newly step-out wells built as back as in the Soviet era demands arranging up-to-date engineering service of these assets. Therefore, the development of advanced methods of well repair in Russia has been a critical task. Based on the regional experience it is shown that maintaining the well flow rate in the process of operation is provided by routine maintenance works. The main factor for repair and maintenance works is incrustation of the filtering well part that affects the safe yield and reduces the well flow rate. In order to maintain the design capacity a new source shall be developed or special repair works shall be carried out to restore the original capacity. The well recovery expenditures can make 25–30% of the cost of a new water intake construction. The right choice of the repair method and overhaul period determines the service time and life cycle of the well. On the basis of the regional practice the approaches to solving the well decolmatation problem are formulated. The overhaul period for the rehabilitation of colmatated wells are recommended.
Key words
water well , colmatage , rehabilitation methods , repair and rehabilitation operations , overhaul period , well life cycle
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UDC 628.112.24
Melnikova T. V., Didenko V. G., Yurkiv N. I.
Developing biopolymer drilling mud for water supply well construction
Summary
The results of experimental studies of the effect that different drilling mud compositions produce on the colmatage of a bottom-hole zone are presented. The studies aimed at developing process liquids that preserve the reservoir properties and ensure environmentally safe construction and operation of water supply wells. The use of traditional slurries causes pollution of both the reservoir and bottom-hole zone. The efficient stabilization of the reservoir properties is ensured by the use of non-dispersing biopolymer drilling mud with the addition of acid-soluble sealant that prevents the invasion of filtrate and drilling mud into reservoir, bottom-hole zone, and preserves at most their collecting properties (for 70–80%).
Key words
water well , colmatage , bottom-hole zone , reservoir properties , permeability , drilling mud
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UDC 628.11.004.69
TESLA V. G.
Reconstruction of Water Wells in Countryside
Summary
Measures concerning the reconstruction of standing idle and operating wells of agricultural water supply are considered. These measures include the restoration of wells capacity using the reagent methods, redistribution of a water inflow to a filter for spare intervals with the help of special devices, liquidation of sanding up installing the additional polyvinyl chloride edge filter. Recommendations are oriented, in the first place, to wells capturing friable, water containing deposits.
Key words:
reconstruction , filter , ground water , water well , restoration of capacity , sanding up , yield
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UDC 628.112.24
Omel'ianiuk M. V.
The technologies of water well repair and rehabilitation
Summary
The share of underground water used for domestic and industrial water supply is more than 60–70% of the total water supply in most constituent entities. For drinking water supply wells up to 200–500 m deep are used; for the sources of mineral and medicinal-table water wells up to 1000–1500 m deep are used. To supply the systems of oil-field reservoir pressure maintenance with water the wells of several kilometers depth are required. The share of inactive wells often exceeds 50%. With the use of advanced repair technologies they can become water sources eliminating new well drilling. The technology of physical and chemical decolmatation of filters and near-filter zones of artesian wells used for drinking and domestic water supply has been developed together with the technical means of its implementation. The developed process solutions and technical means tested on industrial scale provide for increasing the well debit (even restoring the initial debit set after drilling); in addition the financial and labor costs as well as the time consumption for repair works are much lower than for boring a new well. The technology of wave hydrodynamic drag is efficiently combined with the chemical stimulation methods (acidizing) and ensures the synergistic effect. The technology and equipment do not cause any destruction of the well filters, cement sheath or casing column integrity. The findings have been tested in the process of repairing dozens of water wells used for drinking purposes; the actual debit increase was 30–1150%.
Key words
ground water , water well , yield , bottom-hole formation zone , cavitation and chemical decolmatation , technical condition monitoring , stimulation of production
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