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UDC 628.166
KINEBAS A. K., Kostyuchenko S. V., Portnova T. M., Mikhailov V. V.
Experience of drinking water disinfection in Saint-Petersburg
Summary
The experience of the SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» activities in the field of retrofitting the technology of two-stage disinfection of drinking water with sodium hypochlorite and UV-irradiation is presented. The concept of ensuring guaranteed safety of the drinking water supply in and around Saint-Petersburg is described. The upgrade of the water disinfection system was carried out at the operating facilities eliminating any decrease in purification efficiency and waterworks capacity. The water treatment facilities use «A» trademark sodium hypochlorite and low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) manufactured at the factories at the Southern and Northern Waterworks. The process of sodium hypochlorite production includes: salt storage, preparation of saturated salt solution, preparation of softened water, preparation of 3–4% (mass.) concentration work salt solution, production of 0.8% concentration (mass.) sodium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite storage in two tanks. The process of NaOCl production is operated in automatic mode. In order to affect efficiently the entire spectrum of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses and protozoan cysts UV-irradiation is used. The outstanding feature of the UV-disinfection plants at the facilities of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is the fact that the UV-equipment is installed at the point of drinking water supply to the distribution network (the contact time is less than 1 minute). The reliability of water disinfection is ensured by the selected method of UV-irradiation of thin water layer. Beginning from 2017 the equipment operation and irradiation dosage monitoring has been carried out in automatic mode. The analytical equipment installed at the facilities was manufactured in Saint-Petersburg.
Key words
potable water , sodium hypochlorite , ultra-violet irradiation , water supply plant , sanitation-and-epidemiological safety , liquid chlorine
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UDC 628.161
NEFEDOVA E. D., Feofanov Yu. A.
The experience of operating new water treatment facilities
at the South Water Treatment Plant in Saint-Petersburg
Summary
The information on specific features of the process flow schemes of drinking water preparation at the municipal water treatment plants in Saint-Petersburg is presented. The process of drinking water treatment at the new water treatment facilities (K-6 Block) of the South Water Treatment Plant is described where the cutting-edge technologies of water treatment are used. The technologies ensure the standard drinking water quality as regards all the indicators prescribed by Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.1.4.1074-01 at any possible changes in the Neva River water quality, in particular in case of unfavorable and accidental events in water sources (in case of accidental discharges, storms at the Ladoga etc.). An automated water quality control system with the use of flow-type analyzers fed with water samples taken continuously at different points of the treatment process has been introduced at the plant. This provides for the on-line information on the operation efficiency of separate units for operating control. The analysis of the operational data for K-6 Block that includes lamella clarifiers, double-layer filters with sand media and activated carbon is presented. Herewith wash water and sludge treatment and utilization are provided. The results of the comprehensive water quality analysis for 51 parameters at the outlet of K-6 Block at the South Water Treatment Plant are given.
Key words
best available techniques , water supply plant , lamella settler , water treatment , double-layer filter
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UDC 628.152
Shushkevich E. V., Bastrykin R. I., Aleshina E. V.
Features of Operation Mode of Water Supply and Distribution System under the Conditions of Decrease in Water Consumption
Summary
In connection with considerable decrease in volumes of water consumption influencing on an operation mode of water supply facilities of a city, optimization of hydraulic operation mode of all links of the system of water supply and distribution is necessary. These links are treatment facilities, pumping stations of the 2nd lift, regulating centres and pumping stations of the 3rd and 4th lifts situated within the precincts of the town as well as a distribution system and a consumer who should receive a qualitative product meeting the specified requirements. In the issue of assessment of influence of water consumption decrease on the operation mode of facilities, specialists of the MCUE Mosvodokanal have developed the complex of immediate and long-term measures aimed at optimization of conditions of water supply and distribution, conservation of some water supply facilities.
Key words
pipeline , water supply plant , water consumption decrease , control over water supply conditions
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UDC 628.212.2
Variushina G. P.
Specific features of collection and treatment of industrial stormwater runoff from motor transport enterprises
Summary
The urgency of the problem of industrial stormwater runoff collection and treatment has been caused by the continuous car density growth that is a high-toxic pollution source. The task of the studies was investigation and assessment of the motor transport enterprise impact on the municipal watershed health under current conditions. The results of inspecting water utilization schemes at motor transport enterprises, bus, trolley-bus and taxi depots, truck depots, motor pools of construction equipment, road machinery and specialty vehicles are presented. Core process flows: engine, radiator and machine battery part washing, fuel tank testing, parts and assemblies washing, outside washing and painting of motor vehicles were investigated. Full-scale inspection of local intrashop wastewater treatment facilities and intrasite surface runoff facilities was carried out; laboratory analyses of raw wastewater and effluent quantitative and qualitative parameters including oil products, suspended solids, salt content, synthetic surfactants, heavy metals etc. were made. Rational technical solutions for improving the operation of industrial stormwater runoff treatment facilities with the use of mechanical, physical and chemical treatment technologies including horizontal grit chambers, settlers-oil separators, pressure filter cascade with mineral granular media and high efficient sorption materials were suggested. At that, the efficiency of treatment meets the effluent requirements for being reused as process water or discharged into the municipal storm collector and water bodies.
Key words
water supply plant , frequency converter , automated control system , public water and wastewater management , канализационная насосная станция
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UDC 628.11:504.064
KINEBAS A. K., NEFEDOVA E. D., Gvozdev V. A., Kholodkevich S. V., Ivanov A. V., Kourakin A. S., Kornienko E. L.
Improving efficiency and reliability of bioelectronical systems of industrial biological water quality monitoring stations
Summary
Saint-Petersburg Vodokanal MPE developed in 2005 a system of ensuring chemical safety of the water supply system in case of detecting toxic substances. The system is designed on the basis of industrial biological water quality monitoring stations. In 2010 both software and hardware of the industrial biological water quality monitoring station were upgraded to improve the system detectability and reliability. The developed innovation project is unique from sci-tech point of view as well as because it ensures reliable day-and-night data on the current state of the intake facilities of the water treatment plants.
Key words
water intake , water quality , water supply plant , biological monitoring , variational pulsometry , reactors , stress-index , biosensor , biomarker
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UDC 628.161.3
Troshkova E. A., Zhukova V. I., Alekseev S. E.
The use of ammonium sulfate in water treatment at the Metelevskii water treatment facilities of Tumen
Summary
The purpose of the work was increasing the efficiency of water disinfection technology at the Metelevskii water treatment facilities of Tumen without abandoning liquid chlorine use. The subject of the studies was the process of disinfection of the Tura river water and water after purification at the water intake near Metelevo settlement upstream of Tumen. For water disinfection at the municipal water treatment plants chlorine is used. The Tura river water contains high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants that cause high chlorine consumption; depending upon the season chlorine dosage varies from 3.5 to 17 mg/l. Therefore to ensure reliable disinfection of the water the use of high chlorine dosages is required. Besides, the total length of water mains and municipal distribution pipelines exceeds one thousand kilometers; whereas long-term operation caused their poor condition. Another problem arising in the process of river water treatment are specific odors (to 5 points) emerging occasionally in raw water that strengthen during disinfection with chlorine. Beginning from 2004 the specialists of the Metelevskii water treatment facilities have carried out laboratory and preparatory works on disinfecting river water with chlorination and ammoniation; and in accordance with the results – pilot tests. The main technical and technological aspects of using chlorammoniation at the Tumen water treatment facilities are considered. The results confirmed the efficiency of the given method of water disinfection. In addition, the water quality in the municipal distribution network was preserved, whereas the concentration of chlororganic compounds lowered.
Key words
ammonium sulphate , water supply plant , ammonization , chlororganic compounds , drinking water disinfection , chlorine consumption , chlorammoniation
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UDC 628.16.066.1
Strelkov A. K., Sopyryaev M. N., Egorova Yu. A., Bykova P. G.
Development of Contact Clarification Technology for Low Turbid Water Treatment
Summary
The enhancement of a single-stage flow chart of treatment of low turbid water of the Saratov Reservoir (the Volga) in contact clarifiers at the treatment facilities of the city of Samara is considered. The experience of the operation of contact clarifiers in Samara under conditions of low turbid colour water treatment shows the high efficiency of water clarification and decolouration at simultaneous reduction of the cost of construction and operation of treatment facilities in comparison with the two-stage water treatment. The process of contact coagulation progresses faster than the usual coagulation in the free volume. A doze of coagulant at water clarification in contact clarifiers is smaller than in the course of two-stage treatment. The temperature of the water has almost no influence on the process of contact coagulation.
Key words
disinfection , surface water source , water supply plant , contact clarifier , loading material
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UDC 628.16.067.1
Filatov A. I.
Method of designing tubular porous rapid filter drainage
Summary
In recent years the specialists of water treatment plants pay much attention to rapid filter drainage systems of porous type. This design excludes the drawbacks typical for drainage systems with supporting gravel layers, major of them being gravel layer slip that causes frequent filter reloading (typically every 3–5 years). The method and basic formula for calculating tubular porous drainage are presented. In view of specific design tubular porous drainage calculations differ significantly from calculating widely used tubular perforated drainage systems of high resistance with supporting gravel layers. In the latter the pressure loss required for uniform filter wash occurs in one stage – in drainage openings. In tubular porous drainage design the pressure is successively lost in two stages – in the openings and outside porous layer, or in three stages – in the upper drain openings, inner porous layer, bottom drain openings. The summarized pressure loss in the mentioned two stages must provide for 95% uniformity of filter wash.
Key words
water supply plant , rapid filter , pressure losses , tubular porous drainage , wash uniformity
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