Rain Water as a Factor of Enhancement of Power Efficiency of Heat Pumps

Summary

A scheme of the use of a heat pump with an underground collector damped with rainfall with the help of a special system is developed. The enhancement of power efficiency and a coefficient of weekly output of heat pumps due to purposeful flushing of underground collectors without additional auxiliary power is proved. When using the flat collector with a flushing system the expenditures for operation and maintenance of a heat pump of water-brine type go down from 735 to 688 Euro per year. Capacity of heat extraction is increased with the help of wetting of squashy ground from 10 to 30 Wt/m² aproximately.

Key words

energy efficiency , underground collector , damping , rain water , heat pump , natural energy , coefficient of output

A new method for remote detection of water leaks in pipelines

Summary

The possibility of developing a new method for remote detection of water leaks in pipelines is considered. To develop the recommendations on the optimal implementation of altitude (aircraft or satellite) sounding in order to detect water leaks in pipelines, the main physical processes that affect the results of detecting water leaks by remote sensing are analyzed. The need for taking into account the following physical effects is shown: the dependence of the reflective spectrum of the soil on its moisture content; the dependence of the optical density of atmospheric aerosol (AOD) on the relative humidity (RH); inverse relationship between the air temperature and humidity; temperature dependence of the reflected signal of the soil due to soil drying. A new method for detecting leaks in pipelines is proposed that involves re-driving the water pipeline route and comparing the obtained spectrometric results taking into account the influence of the air temperature on the soil moisture and the degree of the atmospheric aerosol humidity.

Key words

water supply system , moisture contents , damping , leak , remote sensing , spectrum