A review of achievements in water treatment with regard to deferrization and demanganation

Summary

To provide the population with drinking water, it is necessary that the quality of purified water meets the standard requirements. The absence of an appropriate water supply source or the use of drinking water with exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants subsequently harms human health. Besides, a deterioration in the operation of water supply systems occurs as a result of corrosion, deposits and blockage of pipes. One of the major problems of groundwater treatment is the increased concentration of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). The existing methods of iron and manganese removal from water and the conditions of their application are described. In addition, a comparative analysis of the methods is carried out and promising areas in this area are considered. It has been established that all the existing methods of iron and manganese removal either have or require a filtration stage. The use of a catalytic layer of modified media in filters provides for achieving higher purification and filtration rates that will reduce the expenditures of water treatment plants and the cost of purified underground water.

Key words

filter , oxidation , ground water , demanganization , deferrization , removal of iron and manganese , фильтрующая среда

Filtering materials for de-ironing and demanganation of underground waters: selection criteria, varieties, and application environment (a review)

Summary

To ensure uninterrupted and high-quality water supply of cities and populated areas, complying with the requirements of the regulatory documents and standards is mandatory. Violating the standards during water treatment leads to rapid wear of water supply systems, and also produces a negative impact on human health while consuming poor-quality drinking water. Reducing the concentration of iron and manganese in drinking water is one of the most important tasks in water treatment in a number of countries. Based on a review of literary sources, the main criteria for selecting a filter media are considered; types of filtering materials used for underground water de-ironing and demanganation, and the application environment are described. Anthracite and activated carbon are the optimal filtering materials for the operation of filters. These natural materials with the properties studied are available, and widely used in water treatment processes. The synthesis of new catalytic filtering materials is promising for iron and manganese removal from groundwater. The variety of materials will allow changing the characteristics and morphology depending on the purposes of water treatment.

Key words

filter , deferrization , oxidation , ground water , demanganization , technology , removal of iron and manganese , filtering media