UDC 628.2/.3:93/94
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.11.01
Biriukov V. V., Egorova Yu. A., Strelkova T. A., Nesterenko O. I., Markina Marianna, Gavrilova Svetlana
History of the establishment and development of the sewer system of the city district of Samara
Summary
The history of establishing and developing the municipal sewer system in the city of Samara in the 19th century is presented. Following the construction of a public water supply system in 1886, a need for a public sewer system in Samara also arose; however, the City Council had been a long while considering the possibility of its construction due to the lack of finance for the construction of expensive structures. In 1906, the owner of the Zhigulevskii brewery, Alfred Filippovich Vakano, financed project drafting and held negotiations with V. G. Lindley, German engineer, who had extensive experience in the construction of sewer structures in Europe. In 1909, the City Council approved the Lindley’s project in full. By October 1909, a test section of the sewer system, four miles long, was built, and then the construction of the sewer system covered the entire city center. Commissioning of the municipal sewer network significantly improved the sanitary condition of Samara. The further development took place in the post-war years, and in the late 1960s the construction of the largest sewer complex in the country was launched in Samara (at that time the city of Kuibyshev). In 1974, the municipal wastewater treatment facilities were commissioned. In 2013, the specialists of Samarskie Kommunal’nye Sistemy, LLC initiated the first reconstruction of the treatment facilities since they needed not just repairs, but a major upgrade. Following the first stage of the reconstruction, the treatment facilities modernization project was included in the Federal Project «The Volga Rehabilitation». Nowadays, the municipal wastewater treatment facilities are a safe and comfortable production environment.
Key words
reconstruction , water disposal system , construction , sewer , municipal wastewater treatment facilities , history of establishing the Samara sewer system , wastewater treatment plant , production standards , safety of the production processes
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UDC 628.32
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.08.03
Ambrosova G. T., Vasil’eva Maiia, Vasil’ev Mikhail
Shortcomings and omissions in low-capacity wastewater treatment complexes being under design, construction or operation (for discussion)
Summary
In recent years, massive use of packaged plants designed for wastewater treatment in small settlements and food industry enterprises has been noted. Today, the market is saturated with offers from both domestic and foreign companies involved with designing, assembling and commissioning packaged plants based on advanced technologies for wastewater treatment that provide for reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus to maximum permissible concentrations. Thorough analysis of the designs of many packaged plants and recalculation checks, full-time training of operating personnel of the packaged units under operation, as well as on-site and remote participation in commissioning these facilities gave the authors of this article the opportunity to identify the reasons that mitigate the achievement of the required degree of wastewater treatment. The main reasons for the unsatisfactory performance of newly commissioned packaged plants are design faults, omissions and poor operation. Of the many reasons, only frequently occurring, poorly chosen engineering solutions are considered. Each unsuccessful technical solution is accompanied by detailed comments proving the negative effect on both the technological process and effluent quality. The use or even simple knowledge of the results of the work presented for discussion will prevent designers and manufacturers from the future replication of design shortcomings and omissions in newly constructed facilities, and will allow them to determine possible options for upgrading already operating packaged units to bring them to the normal process
mode.
Key words
wastewater treatment , designing , construction , sewerage treatment facilities , block-modular plant , commissioning , design shortcomings and omissions
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DOI 10.35776/MNP.2019.08.08
UDC 006.3:628.1
Pavlinova I. I.
Regulatory and legal framework in the field of water supply and sanitation
Summary
At present the approach to the process of developing a new regulatory framework and product quality control has been essentially changed. «MosvodokanalNIIproject» JSC already 80 years has been designing water supply and sanitation systems with the use of the RF regulatory and legal framework. Aside from designing the Institute has been well experienced in developing regulatory documents (sanitary norms and rules, codes of practice etc.). The analysis of the regulatory and legal framework conducted in the field of designing, constructing and operating water supply and sanitation systems shows that this matter has been settled at the federal level; however, at the regional level its in-depth analysis is needed. Every so often improvement and, in some cases, revision of the approved key documents is required. Avoiding shortfalls in the regulatory framework is possible only with the careful analysis of the technical and technological solutions involving a wide range of experts and with the correct amendments to the effective regulatory and legal acts.
Key words
designing , construction , maintenance , water and wastewater systems , regulatory and legal framework
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UDC 628.2/.4:006.3:349.6
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.02.04
Pavlinova I. I., Primin Oleg
Meeting the legislative regulations and rules while designing, building and operating water supply and wastewater disposal systems (for discussion)
Summary
The main aspects of amendments to the legislative and regulatory documents in the construction industry are considered, including the consideration of the developed regulatory documents by the relevant authorities before being approved by the Russian Ministry of Construction, as well as difficulties in the gradual transition to the parametric standardization. The problems of the regulatory framework in the field of designing the facilities for surface runoff removal and treatment are considered. Proposals for revising the Water Code of the Russian Federation with the introduction of environmental standards for the quality of surface waters and standards for the permissible impact of economic or other activities on water bodies are outlined and supported – to develop them on the basis of the water quality standards in accordance with the requirements of the current environmental legislation. To improve the quality of design documentation, imposing control over the professional training of designers with mandatory proficiency testing in accordance with the occupational standards is proposed. Further updating the system of regulatory documents in the field of design, construction and operation of water supply and wastewater disposal systems, using the current structure of the regulatory framework is also proposed.
Key words
water supply , designing , water disposal , construction , regulatory framework , updating regulatory documents , standards
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UDC 628.1/.3:006.052
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.03.04
Primin Oleg
Improving and updating the regulatory and technical framework for the design, construction and operation of water supply and wastewater disposal systems
Summary
The paper discusses the aspects of updating and approaches to improving the regulatory and technical documents – Codes of Practice, State Standards, methodological instructive regulations, as well as the directions of their improvement to enhance the efficiency of design, construction and operation of water supply and wastewater disposal systems in Russian cities and communities. The development of a method for switching over the system of regulatory and technical documents to the parametric standardization is analyzed. It is demonstrated that in recent years, the Russian construction sector has set a course for revising and updating the regulatory framework in the field of design and construction, thus reducing the statutory requirements in the Codes of Practice. It is noted that the planned transition from the prescriptive regulation system to a parametric one with specified quality criteria for the finished product is aimed at the development of the quality criteria for the finished project or product using any alternative approaches and methods, transferring a significant part of building codes and regulations to the voluntary category. Evidently, such amendments to the regulatory framework require a very detailed scientific and practical justification.
Key words
water supply , designing , water disposal , construction , regulatory framework , standards , improvement , updating
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UDC 378.1:69
Gogina Elena, Rouzhitskaya O. A.
Advanced approach to training of highly qualified personnel in building industry
Summary
The aspects of advanced training of water industry specialists are considered. The RF Federal Law «On the education in the Russian Federation», RF accession to the Bologna Declaration and other factors adjust the model of the modern educational system, offer new challenges for the educational institutions, encourage active involvement of the industrial enterprises in the educational process. The basic aspects of training of bachelors of Academic and Applied Sciences, Masters and PhD fellows are described. The competence approach forms the basis of an educational process of any level. The graduate who has attended a course of study shall master a definite set of competences that will provide for his getting a job at a sectoral enterprise. The competences gained must be in-demand at the job market. The sectoral enterprises above all others shall be interested in training one or another graduate. That is why the modern educational model must precisely harmonize the educational technologies with the sectoral demands. In the modern context it is no more possible to train certified bachelors, masters, and put them on the open job market. Neither enterprises, nor universities will gain from it. Solving this problem is possible only under condition of the active cooperation between educational institutions and water industry enterprises.
Key words
water supply , water disposal , construction , training of specialists , Bologna Declaration
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UDC 628.1:3:65.012
Meshengisser Yu. M., Shchetinin A. I.
Management of Process of Construction and Reconstruction of Water Supply-Sewerage Services Objects
Summary
The article states basic principles of the EcopolymerGroup’s concept of management of the process of construction and reconstruction of water supply and water disposal objects and also features of designs of treatment facilities requiring the essentially new managerial approach. Examples of reconstruction and retechnologization of treatment facilities of Novocheboksarsk, Gorodets and Aznakaevo cities are presented. Mandatory requirements for the companies working in accordance with the Ecopolymer concept are expounded. The main thesis when working with a customer is a partnership based on trust. The EcopolymerCroup of Companies being a general designer, contractor, equipment manufacturer and supplier simultaneously assumes the responsibility for results of realization of construction and reconstruction.
Key words
reconstruction , water supply , management , water disposal , retechnologization , ecology , construction
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