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UDC 628.16.065
Belyak А. А., ZHAVORONKOVA V. I., SMIRNOV A. D., Lainer Yu. A., Milkov G. A.
Investigating the coagulating capacity of advanced aluminium-containing coagulants in natural water treatment
Summary
The results of testing three new coagulants developed at the A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences: two North-Onega bauxite-based coagulants and one red-mud-based coagulant are presented. The test results showed that the overall performance of water treatment with optimal dosages of the new coagulants was practically similar to the treatment with traditional aluminium sulfate, except for the red-mud-based coagulant that increased the concentration of iron ions in water after treatment.
Key words
turbidity , chromaticity , coagulant , iron , efficiency of treatment , natural water treatment
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UDC 628.161.3
DOI 10.35776/VST.2025.01.02
Nikolaenko Elena, Tinzhiu Zhang
Studying the efficiency of using aluminium oxychlorides of different trademarks
Summary
With each passing year, the task of centralized provision of the population with drinking water has becoming increasingly important. Because of increased technogenic and anthropogenic pollution of surface water sources, traditional water treatment schemes have become insufficient. Purification of natural water using chemicals in most cases is currently the only possible method of providing for the sustained water quality in domestic water supply systems. The paper considers the effectiveness of coagulants – highly basic aluminum oxychlorides supplied by various manufacturers depending on the initial turbidity and color of the water. The experiments were based on the use of model water with the parameters close to natural water in different periods of the year. It was shown that in terms of permanganate index, a water quality indicator, the efficiency of the chemicals was quite high and sustainable. As to such parameters as turbidity and color, the chemicals demonstrated extremely low efficiency in their respect. The trademarks of oxychlorides that showed the best results in relation to turbidity and color of clarified water in the process of low turbid and colored water purification were identified. In the water treatment practice a well-known method for increasing the efficiency of low turbid natural water clarification is the use of opacifiers. As a rule, finely dispersed clay or powdered activated carbon is used as a opacifier. During the study the efficiency of aluminium oxychlorides with preliminary addition of activated carbon slurry into the model water was investigated; and the most efficient trademarks of highly basic aluminum oxychlorides were determined.
Key words
turbidity , chromaticity , coagulant , permanganate oxidizability , natural water treatment , low turbid water , opacifiers of natural water
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UDC 628.16.08
DOI 10.35776/VST.2025.01.01
Belyak А. А., GERASIMOV M. M., Sverdlikov Aleksandr, SMIRNOV A. D.
Estimating the effect of VPK-402 flocculant-coagulant on the sorption properties of powdered activated carbon in the process of water treatment
Summary
The results of laboratory tests on estimating the effect of VPK-402 organic flocculant-coagulant on the sorption capacity of powdered activated carbon in relation to phenol in the process of natural water treatment using the technologies adopted by the water utilities are presented. The results showed that the effect on the sorption efficiency depended not so much on the point of VPK-402 injection – upstream or downstream the point of powdered activated carbon injection, as on the time of it contacting with water containing phenol. The minimum decrease of the purification efficiency of 3.2–4.5% was observed upon 60-minute contact with powdered activated carbon, regardless of the injection of the flocculant – before or after the injection of the sorbent. With a short contact with powdered activated carbon (2 minutes), a decrease in the efficiency of removing phenol by 7.8–16% was observed compared to blank tests without the use of a flocculant.
Key words
natural water treatment , powdered activated carbon , flocculant-coagulant , dephenolizing
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.03.01
UDC 628.16
SMIRNOV A. D., Belyak А. А., GERASIMOV M. M., Sverdlikov Aleksandr
Estimation of possible increasing the barrier function of natural water treatment facilities during periods of extraordinary situations
Summary
The need of increasing the barrier functions of water treatment process schemes and facilities during the periods of extraordinary pollution of water bodies is considered. The causes of extraordinary situations at water sources are as follows: industrial and transport accidents, manmade disasters, seasonal floods and even waterless seasons. The differences between extraordinary situations and their consequences in the water treatment practice from ordinary cases are given. Rules have been developed for preparing clean water of standard quality in emergency situations. Laboratory tests of water purification from the sources of various climatic zones using powdered activated carbons were conducted with water from Yakutsk, Astrakhan, Ryazan and Simferopol water utilities. The main sorption characteristics of the tested sorbents for methylene blue and iodine were determined. The results of testing powdered sorbents for four water sources showed that, compared with the traditional two-stage water purification scheme, the use of powdered activated carbon in the headworks of the process flow scheme provided for achieving the standard values for the permanganate index and total iron concentration. Also, unpleasant odors of water are almost completely eliminated, while no increase in coagulant doses was required compared to the operating facilities. It is shown that the efficiency of using powdered carbon practically does not depend on the climatic conditions of the regions. A generalized chart for the use of powdered carbon at the facilities with a two-stage treatment process flow scheme is proposed.
Key words
water treatment , natural water treatment , laboratory tests , extraordinary situations , powdered activated carbon
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UDC 628.16.081.32
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.10.04
GERASIMOV M. M., Belyak А. А., SMIRNOV A. D., Arkhipova Elena, Metelitsa Ekaterina, Trost’ Andrei
Assessment of possible reducing the concentration of total organic carbon in drinking water by using powdered activated carbons
Summary
Processing of the data on permanganate index and total organic carbon for 2021–2022 revealed a clear correlation in the dynamics of changes in these indicators in both source and purified water. Samples of a number of brands of powdered activated carbons were tested in a process flow scheme of river water treatment. The test results showed that treatment with activated carbon provides for increasing significantly the efficiency of river water purification both in terms of permanganate index and in reducing the total organic carbon.
Key words
water treatment , permanganate oxidizability , natural water treatment , total organic carbon , powdered activated carbons , tests
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