**Wastewater sludge handling in Europe*(review of foreign publications)***

Summary

A review of foreign literature on wastewater sludge treatment and utilization is presented. Regulatory requirements to wastewater treatment facilities operation in EC countries are given. Total characteristic of wastewater sludge is given together with sludge treatment methods (chemical stabilization, anaerobic and aerobic digestion, dewatering, thermal drying etc.), ways of utilization (storage, incineration, agricultural use, pyrolysis, gasification, wet oxidation etc.)

Key words

sludge , activated sludge , sewerage treatment facilities , heavy metals , organic substances , sludge utilization

Justification for the use of sludge of biologically treated wastewater in the production of ceramic materials

Summary

Pollution in industrial wastewater comprises the scraps of processed raw materials and chemicals used in the treatment process. The conditions of the generation and properties of sludge of wastewater biological treatment and of matured sludge are considered. The properties of municipal wastewater sludge and main ways of utilization are given, as well as theoretical justification for the use of matured sludge from biological wastewater treatment facilities in the production of ceramic materials. The following characteristics of municipal wastewater sludge are presented: fractional makeup, dynamic pattern of the mass of various sludge fractions in the process of thermal processing, chemical composition.

Key words

activated sludge , primary settler , wastewater sludges , sludge utilization , solid part of sludge , composition of sludge dry matter , production of ceramic materials , digested mixture