New national standards for the wastewater sludge utilization and disposal

Summary

The new Russian Federation standards have been developed: GOST R 54534-2011 «Resources conservation. Wastewater sludges. Requirements to the utilization for disturbed lands reclamation»; GOST R 5453-2011 «Resources conservation. Wastewater sludges. Requirements to the disposal to landfills». The standards set the requirements to wastewater sludge when used for disturbed lands remediation and landfilling. Different methods of sludge treatment that provide for meeting the requirements set by the standards including natural seasoning on stabilization beds, blending with inert materials, composting with organic filler etc. are considered.

Key words

soil , wastewater sludges , disturbed lands remediation , landfill , environmental certification

Wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities with the purpose of its further utilization

Summary

Sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is the most massive technological waste that causes trouble for any city. Possible methods of wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities of the Samara Urban District with the purpose of its further utilization are considered. The reasons are indicated and documentary evidence of the incorrectness of assigning the responsibility for processing such wastes only to the water and wastewater utilities is provided. The method of landfilling dewatered wastewater sludge in a ridged landfill is considered. It has been established that the sludge processed at the wastewater treatment facilities is referred to the V class of environmental hazard. Sludge subjected to the treatment, stabilization, drying and neutralization (low hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment; almost non-hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment and excess sludge from biological treatment facilities mixed with raw sludge) can be used as fillers for concrete-cement mixtures and organo-mineral fertilizers or transferred for disposal to outside companies.

Key words

dehydration , sludge beds , landfill , sludge of mixed domestic and industrial wastewater , landfilling method , organo-mineral fertilizer

Advanced technologies of municipal waste management

Summary

The living activity of a modern city is accompanied by the generation of big waste amounts. In the current situation an important task of the municipal utilities is providing for the environmentally safe and energy efficient waste management. Most commonly used advanced technologies of municipal waste management – solid wastes and wastewater sludge – are presented. The options of implementing the mentioned technologies are considered; the information on the implemented projects of new generation facilities for solid waste and wastewater sludge processing and utilization designed by «MosvodokanalNIIproject» OJSC is given. Minimization of the negative impact of waste disposal on the environmental and public health is provided only by waste landfilling with the use of eco-technologies and environmental protection facilities. Thermal solid waste and wastewater sludge processing (incineration) at special boiler plants with generation of heat and electricity is an optimal option of waste disposal for the municipal utilities since it provides for the simultaneous utilization of solid by-products of incineration. On the basis of the long experience of «MosvodokanalNIIproject» OJSC in the field of designing and commissioning the facilities for waste collection, processing and utilization it is shown that environmentally sound utilization can be ensured only by using advanced waste treatment technologies that provide for environmentally safe storage, processing and disposal; reducing waste amount subject to landfilling; increasing the amount of recyclable materials and waste energy use.

Key words

sludge , biogas , municipal solid waste , landfill , sanitation and cleaning , landfill gas