Natural materials for sorption purification of chrome
and cadmium-containing leachates of solid waste landfills

Summary

The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, «Trade» zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

Key words

zeolites , municipal solid waste landfill , biosorption , infiltrate , vermiculite , expanded clay , perlite , cadmium , chromium , biological recovery , permeable reactionary barriers

Test operation of FOPS^® filter with natural zeolite
for infiltrate polluted surface runoff treatment

Summary

Infiltration effluent often causes heavy pollution of surface runoff with heavy metal ions. The purpose of the present work was testing the operation in-situ of a cartridge filter with natural zeolite for surface runoff treatment polluted with heavy metals from infiltrate. The results of studying the level of pollution of storm runoff from industrial site are presented. As part of the study the following challenges were addressed: study of formation of surface runoff heavily polluted with infiltrate at the site and treatment options; implementation of sorption-filtration technology in a real project with the use of filters for surface runoff treatment (FOPS^®) installed in sewer manholes; evaluation of the possible removal of heavy metal ions from real runoff with natural zeolite-clinoptololite. Possible purification of the studied runoff with the use of FOPS^®-TS filter with natural zeolite was substantiated. It was shown that ultra high concentrations of aluminium, zinc and copper are formed in infiltrate entering the drainage system on site. Using FOPS^®-TS filter provided for the high efficiency of aluminium, zinc, copper and iron removal during the test period (April – October).

Key words

surface runoff , sewer manhole , filter cartridge , infiltrate