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UDC 628.349.08
Strelkov A. K., Stepanov S. V., Stepanov A. S., Andreev Sergei, Iakhkind M. I.
Study of the processes of electrochemical synthesis of alkaline oxidizing agent – sodium ferrate
Summary
Internationally in the process of purifying industrial wastewater containing organics resistant to oxidation advanced oxidation technologies that provide for the use of oxidizing agents that possess extended oxidizing potential are gaining around. Alkaline sodium ferrate solution is one of the most active oxidizing chemicals. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the process of sodium ferrate production by electrolytic treatment of strong sodium hydroxide solution (30–40%) in a membrane electrolyzer with a steel anode. It is shown that in the process of 40% solution of sodium hydroxide activation in the membrane electrolyzer with the laminar steel anode for five hours (anode current density 100 А/m2, specific quantity of electricity 20.5 A.h/l) the concentration of sodium ferrate in the anolite reached 7.2 g/l. The current efficiency of sodium ferrate output changed from 0.54 during the starting period of the electroactivation treatment to 0.28 at the end of the process. It was determined experimentally that during the storage of sodium ferrate for seven days its concentration in 40% sodium hydroxide solution dropped from 7.2 to 1.8 g/l. The use of sodium ferrate, alkaline oxidizing agent possessing extended oxidizing potential in the process of industrial wastewater disruptive treatment will provide for the significant reduction of resistant to oxidation organics present in it.
Key words
industrial wastewater , physical and chemical treatment , sodium ferrate , membrane electrolyzer , поверхностный сток , electroactivation , sodium hydroxide
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UDC 628.316.12:628.349.087
Doskina E. P., Moskvicheva A. V., Moskvicheva E. V., Игнаткина Д. О., Войтюк А. А.
Hybrid unit for tobacco industry multicomponent wastewater treatment
Summary
The issues of purification of «Imperial Tobacco Volga» tobacco factory (Volgograd) industrial wastewater are considered. On the basis of the obtained data on the main sources and chemical composition of wastewater of the tobacco factory the experts of the «Water supply and wastewater disposal» subdepartment of the Volgograd State Technical University carried out studies. The study objective was developing a structurally simple, reliable and serviceable unit with small footprint, that will ensure high quality effluent by removing multicomponent pollutants; another objective of the studies was determining basic process parameters of the operation of the unit that will provide for the maximum treatment efficiency. The annual volume of water consumption and wastewater collection and disposal was presented; the main sources of wastewater generation and its chemical composition were determined. Process flow scheme of the local industrial wastewater treatment (from tobacco and cigarette workshops) is proposed that includes three stages: primary mechanical treatment, electrochemical treatment, sorption tertiary treatment. A unit has been designed – electrolyzer-adsorber for the purification of multicomponent wastewater of the given factory. The use of electrochemical oxidation method in combination with sorption tertiary treatment in the electrolyzer-adsorber hybrid unit under suitable conditions of wastewater treatment provides for improving the following effluent quality parameters: BODfull, COD, anionic surfactants, nitrogen compounds, chlorid-ions, to the standard requirements set to the effluent discharge into the public sewer.
Key words
food industry , tobacco factory , industrial wastewater , electrochemical oxidation , sorption tertiary treatment , electrolyzer-adsorber
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UDC 628.33:662.2
Ponomareva O. S., Glushankova Irina, Martynova A. A.
Thermal treatment of wastewater from the production
of high-energy compounds
Summary
During production of special-purpose products in technological processes and in the synthesis of components of high-energy compounds wastewater containing pollutants in high concentrations is generated; therefore before discharging into sewer networks it shall be preliminary neutralized. The results of studies on the purification of process effluents generated in the production of components of high-energy compounds contaminated with ethanolamine, ethylene diamine, heavy metal ions (nickel and lead) are presented. The analysis of process effluent treatment methods: ozonation, two-stage purification (chemical, adsorption), thermal neutralization was carried out. As a result of thermodynamic analysis and calculation of the processes of thermal destruction of pollutants in highly concentrated effluents technical solutions have been developed and an installation for the thermal disposal of effluent followed by multi-stage flue gas cleaning has been designed. The calculation of the dispersion of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere during the operation of the installation showed that running the process in a preset mode ensured compliance with the standard sanitary and hygienic requirements.
Key words
ozonization , pollutants , adsorption , industrial wastewater , components of high-energy compounds , sulphated coal , thermal treatment
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