Changes in the quality of natural water from a public water supply source during transportation

Summary

The issues of the water quality transformation from a natural water supply source during transportation by long-distance water mains from the water intake to the water treatment facilities site and the reasons affecting the changes in the qualitative composition of water are considered. The results of the studies on the changes in the water quality of a natural water source characterized by low turbidity, medium color, seasonal growth of phytoplankton and the concentration of organic compounds are presented. It has been established that in certain periods of the year both the improvement and deterioration of the quality of water transported by water mains by several times occur in terms of the following indicators: permanganate value, total microbial count, phytoplankton count and biomass, resulting in several times increase in the pollution load on the treatment facilities and decrease in the efficiency of the water treatment process. Continuous monitoring and systematization of data on the changes in water quality will make it possible to timely adjust the modes and parameters of water treatment plants, thereby ensuring sustainable water treatment efficiency according to the regulatory requirements.

Key words

water quality , phytoplankton , permanganate oxidizability , water transportation , water treatment facilities

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Study of water softening and desalination by nanofiltration at the Taganrog water treatment facilities

Summary

The results of studies on reducing the hardness and salt concentration in water using the nanofiltration method are presented. The tests were carried out under production and laboratory conditions at the water treatment facilities of Taganrog. The results of testing and specifying the process parameters of nanofiltration are given. The data on the change in the cation-anion composition of permeate and concentrate depending on the number of nanofiltration cascades and pretreatment of the raw water with an antiscalant is provided. The results of field tests of softening and partial desalination of water under the conditions of water purification process at the Taganrog water treatment facilities confirmed the high efficiency of single-stage four-cascade nanofiltration.

Key words

concentrate , permeate , water treatment facilities , water hardness and salt concentration , nanofiltration unit , antiscalant

Sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Lower Volga Region: problems and solutions

Summary

Almost along the entire length from Tver to Astrakhan, the Volga River has been a depleted water reservoir in terms of its qualitative composition. In the Lower Volga basin the resource of ecologically clean water is less than 3% of the total surface water resources of the Astrakhan Region. In this regard, drinking water quality problems in the Astrakhan Region have been caused by natural water pollution, poor water treatment at the waterworks, secondary pollution in the distribution networks. The ecological state of the Lower Volga has been analyzed, and its impact on the quality of drinking water supply has been estimated. The technologies of water purification used in the Astrakhan Region for water supply were designed and implemented in the 1960s–70s; they were not designed for the pollution load in terms of the quality and quantity significantly different from the current situation. An analysis of the operation of water intake and water treatment facilities was carried out that showed their extremely unsatisfactory technical condition and obsolescence. The ways of solving the problems of improving the quality of drinking water supply with account of the current critical ecological situation in the Lower Volga Region and world experience, are proposed.

Key words

pollutants , water use , domestic water supply , water abstraction facilities , water treatment facilities , natural water source , ecological situation

Changes in the quality of natural water from a public water supply source during transportation

Summary

Study of water softening and desalination by nanofiltration at the Taganrog water treatment facilities

Summary

Sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Lower Volga Region: problems and solutions

Summary

Journal VST