Analysis of organic pollution of surface water bodies of a megacity

Summary

The regulatory documents of the Russian Federation provide lists of controlled pollutants for water bodies. It is practically impossible to assess the water quality of water reservoirs using all these indicators due to their numerousness. However, the text of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation does not formulate recommendations on the choice of the indicators for monitoring with account of the regional and technological features. The purpose of the work is to analyze the data on organic pollution of the surface water bodies of a megacity using the example of the Moskva River and its tributaries. The research was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, a retrospective analysis of the results of three-year observations of the water quality of reservoirs was carried out. The data from the laboratories of three regulatory organizations were used. At the second stage, our own research was carried out. A retrospective analysis was executed with generalized indicators: oil products, phenols, surfactants and formaldehyde. As a result of our own research, at least 200 organic compounds were found in the samples. The concentration of oil products, phenols and formaldehyde in the Moskva River has exceeded the adopted maximum permissible values. In different hydrological periods violations of the standards for such compounds as chlororganic substances, phthalates, phosphates, aliphatic acids, alcohols, bisphenol A and benzene were recorded in the river water. In the water of the Moskva River, organic compounds not regulated by the current legislation were found. Substances of the first hazard class to which the state regulation measures are applied, require additional monitoring in order to determine the frequency of their detection. For a number of detected organic compounds, there is evidence of their carcinogenic activity, which confirms the need to improve the hygienic standards.

Key words

water supply source , sanitary protection of water bodies , chemical pollution of surface water , organic compounds in water bodies , regulation of substances in water , the Moskva River