Surface runoff disposal – an important contribution to the protection of water bodies

Summary

Information on the research and design solutions developed by the experts of «MosvodokanalNIIproject» JSC in the field of surface runoff treatment from the territory of Moscow, the causes of water sources pollution with raw surface runoff in the 1970s. The basic characteristics of the complexes for the enhanced treatment of surface runoff, the developed projects of wastewater treatment facilities for industrial enterprises with a catchment area of 0.3; 1; 5; 10 and 15 ha. It is shown that the effectiveness of surface runoff treatment meets the requirements to water bodies of commercial fishing importance. At the same time, for dewatering of sludge generated in the retention basin of wastewater treatment facilities, a grit dewatering bay is included into the process flow scheme, and an oil separator is used to collect floating oil products. The novelty of the developed technology for neutralization of surface runoff and sludge treatment has been acknowledged by five patents of the Russian Federation, approved by Gosstroy of the Russian Federation, the Central Department of Fisheries Examination and Review and Protection and Renewal and Acclimatization Standards, the Moscow City and Moscow Region Sanitary Service, Moskompriroda and Mosgosekspertiza services. The contribution of the research workers of the laboratory for the treatment of natural, industrial-storm wastewater and sludge processing to the solution of problems of surface runoff treatment is demonstrated. The information about the history of development and promising areas of research activity of the laboratory, its plans in the organizational, methodological and educational work with young professionals is given.

Key words

oil products , sludge , laboratory tests , surface runoff , standard for discharge into a water body , industrial projects , process solutions , surface runoff disposal

Specific features of the transition to the process regulation of public wastewater disposal systems

Summary

The results of the analysis of proposed laws and regulations in furtherance of the legislation on process regulation of public wastewater disposal systems are presented. Pros and cons of the new regulation system are considered. The necessity of revising the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants in effluent discharged into a water body is substantiated. The problem of excessive environmental requirements to effluent discharges that had been in power for many years in the country did not lose relevance in 2019. Permissible concentrations of substances discharged into water bodies remained on average two times tighter than in European countries. The purpose of the work was to substantiate proposals for amending approved and developing regulatory legal acts. To achieve this goal domestic and European legislation related to the process regulation was analyzed and compared. The existing system of dividing water bodies into categories is unnecessarily complicated and has an obvious imbalance (up to 95%) towards fisheries and standards; therefore it is proposed to approve three categories of water bodies to establish standards for the discharge of effluents from public wastewater disposal systems: premium fisheries category, primary fisheries category, public household category with evaluation criteria according to the existing methodology.

Key words

best available techniques , technological rate setting , public wastewater disposal systems , standard for discharge into a water body , water body categories