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UDC 504.06
Skryabin A. Yu., Popovian G. V., Tron' I. A.
Study of the factors effecting the intensive growth of microalgae in the Don River
Summary
The factors enhancing the growth and evolution of the microalgae species composition in the Don River were studied. The effect of phosphorus on the phytoplankton growth rate was proved. The sources of nutrients incoming to the water bodies were analyzed. The factors of anthropogenic eutrophication of water bodies are presented: dyke construction facilitating the reduction of the river flow rate; decay of the vegetation on the lands immersed during the construction of water reservoirs and canals; intensive development of industrial production, agricultural activities, cattle breeding; increase of household and industrial use of synthetic detergents. The strategy of controlling water source bloom is proposed: bloom suppression during its development directly in the water body; the use of biological treatment methods (rehabilitation of the natural biocenosis by seeding certain microalgae species – different Chlorella strains and some species of herbivorous fish, e.g. silver carp; elimination of household and industrial use of phosphorus-containing detergents and their replacement with phosphate free detergents; strengthening of control of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use in agriculture; construction and stepwise reconstruction or upgrade of wastewater treatment facilities that provide for enhanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds.
Key words
water supply , odor , nitrogen , phosphorous , phytoplankton , microalgae , geosmin , odor components , surface water source
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UDC 504.06
Skryabin A. Yu., Popovian G. V., Tron' I. A.
Microalgae as a factor affecting the organoleptic properties of the Don River water
Summary
Stringent hygienic requirements are set to the drinking water quality: epidemiologic, radiation and chemical safety, favorable organoleptic properties. The applicable regulatory documents control a number of parameters; however, other factors exist that affect the water safety and potability. In particular, among these are the amount and species composition of microalgae in water. Massive microphyte growth in surface water sources during water bloom raises serious difficulties in the process of water treatment and severely affects such regulated parameters as color and taste. The laboratory workers at «Rostovvodokanal» JSC have made observations of the microphyte growth in the Don water for 34 years. During this period the evolution of the species composition of microalgae in the Don River has been investigated. It was proved that certain cyanobacteria species affect the organoleptic properties of water. The efficiency of different water treatment methods of odor strength reduction is considered. For the operating water treatment plants the method of water odor strength reduction with the use of rapid gravity filter by natural aeration is suggested.
Key words
water supply , surface water source , water treatment , odor , phytoplankton , microalgae , geosmin , odor components
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UDC 628.31:577.472
KOZLOV M. N., Rubin A. B., Shchegolkova N. M., Matorin D. N., Shashkina P. S., Osipov V. A.
Fluorescence Methods of Monitoring the Process of Obtaining the Biomass from Microalgae
Summary
The development of domestic wastewater treatment technologies with the use of photoautotrophs up to the present moment was restrained by the lack of methods of processing the biomass obtained. In recent years there has been an active development of such technologies. The advantages of microalgae over the other sources of biomass are enormous: the highest productivity and the capability to treat water for biogenic elements up to the quality of the cleanest water bodies. Specialists of the Moscow State Unitary Enterprise Mosvodokanal and M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University have studied the process of obtaining the microalgae biomass on wastewater using the up-to-date fluorescence methods. The dependence of chlorophyll a and algae biomass on the fluorescence index F0 and the biomass increment on the Fv/Fm. parameter has been detected in the laboratory photobioreactor.
Key words
monitoring , biogenic elements , microalgae , chlorophyll , fluorescence , photobioreactor
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DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.02.02
UDC 628.16.067.3:581.526.325
Kevbrina M. V., Gavrilov Dmitrii, Stolyarova E. A., Strikhar Yu. V., Agarev Anton, Klimova Nataliia
Efficiency of microfiltration in disk filters with plane and volume filtration in the process of removing phytoplankton from water from surface sources
Summary
«Mosvodokanal» JSC has completed testing DynaCloth automatic self-cleaning fiber disc microfilter for the Moskva River water. The tests were carried out during the periods of intensive phytoplankton growth eliminating the use of chemicals. The filtration surface area of the filter was 0.45 m2. At 4–8 m3/h water flow rate the hydraulic load was 9–18 m/h. Wash water flow was 1.1–3.3% of the water flow in the unit depending on the type of the filter cloth. Different types of algae dominated in the Moskva River water in different periods. In general, at the peak diatom number their concentration during filtration decreased less than by 53%. The decrease in the number of green algae at the peak of their growth occurred by 56–60%, and that of blue-green algae – by 36%. Cells of diatoms and green algae coenobia are larger than blue-green cells; accordingly, the efficiency of their capture by the filter was higher than that of blue-green algae. The results of the studies carried out for the Moskva River water showed that microfiltration in disk filters with fiber filter cloth can be a promising method for removing phytoplankton (about 50%) from low-turbid eutrophicated waters.
Key words
phytoplankton , river water , microalgae , disk filtration , disk fiber microfilter
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