Hydraulic characteristics and calculation of the innovative systems of surface runoff disposal

Summary

In the context of the intensive development of new domestic and foreign technologies, materials and equipment used to protect the environment from anthropogenic pollution, the development of advanced systems for surface runoff removal and treatment is of special actuality. These systems provide for using the latest achievements of the sectoral science and optimizing the algorithm for performing operations and practical methods for the hydraulic calculations. An example of the innovative surface runoff disposal system is ASO Qmax, that refers to an open system of channels for the collection and disposal of surface runoff formed during precipitation. However, the widespread use of these facilities in Russia is hampered by the lack of a method for the hydraulic calculations, including tables for the selection of cross-sections (diameters) of channels that meet the requirements of the Russian guidelines and regulations for the design of surface runoff disposal systems. In this regard, the subject of this paper is the estimation of the hydraulic characteristics of pipelines, channels of ASO Qmax drainage system. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the hydraulic characteristics of ASO Qmax system with account of the adaptation for the Russian conditions and regulatory requirements, as well as the justification of the recommended parameters for their use are presented.

Key words

hydraulic design , surface runoff , canal , drainage system , experiment , method

Prospects for the development of public water supply in the regions on the other side of the river in the Central Yakutia

Summary

A brief description of the natural environment in the regions on the other side of the river in the Central Yakutia is presented. Based on the analysis of the ecological situation in these regions and on the results of the long-term medical monitoring of the public health a special program of ensuring water supply of the region was developed. The construction of public water supply systems was launched. The process flow schemes of three water mains are presented. The water supply systems include head floating pumping stations, water reservoirs, water basins, transfer pumping stations, pipelines and canals.

Key words

pipeline , reservoir , public water supply , grouping water main , permafrost formations , head floating pumping station , canal

The lines of approaching water industry problems in the Lower Don regions

Summary

Most topical issues related to the water deficiency in the Tsimliansk water reservoir are considered. Water shortage in the given water reservoir results in tangible difficulties in the supply of the required water amount to almost half of the Rostov Area residents and to Novocherkassk Hydropower Station. Blue-green algae growth in the water reservoir during the summer period and reduction of fish population are equally serious problems. The construction of Bagaevsk hydroscheme is proposed as a solution of the Tsimliansk water
reservoir shallowing problem. Commissioning the Bagaevsk hydroscheme will improve the conditions for the Rostov Area fish farms; replenish the Manych River and lakes which provides more opportunities for fish spawning. The construction of a fish bypass canal in the Don River flood plain will provide for fish moving for spawn eliminating the hydroscheme. The problem of unsustainable water use in the Tsimliansk water reservoir and Don River for irrigation is considered. The proposed method provides for calculating backup
seepage from the canals in the earth canal and lining, in particular of the Don main canal and lateral distribution and main canals. The lines of approaching the problem of water resources shortage in the Lower Don Area are proposed. Among these are thorough investigation and revision of water resources input and output of the water reservoir for dry year periods, measures on water losses reduction, commissioning the Bagaevsk hydroscheme, possible implementation the project of the «Volga–Don–2» Canal construction.

Key words

reservoir , canal , shallowing , filtration losses , impervious lining , geomembrane