Recycled water systems in industrial water supply schemes

Summary

Water and energy conservation is one of the conditions of the successful operation of an industrial enterprise. Water balance developed with an account of the actual water and wastewater metering is a basis of ensuring the sustainable water use. The analysis of the water balance provides for reducing total discharge and water consumption in the production processes by establishing local process and cooling recycled water systems for separate workshops and installations. In this respect recovering recyclable material or commercial product from sludge and wastes is possible. In case secondary product recovering is not possible or economically impracticable the wastes are transferred to special utilities for utilization. The operability of the water recycling cooling systems can be restored by upgrading with the use of prefabricated small-scale cooling towers. Small-scale prefabricated cooling towers provide for recovering 115 thousand kcal/h of heat from 1 m² irrigated area. The examples of improving water supply and drainage systems of a number of industrial enterprises are given. An algorithm of improving industrial water supply and drainage systems is presented. Herewith one of the tasks is training of qualified personnel capable of addressing environmental security issues in combination with providing for the sustainable water supply of the industrial enterprise.

Key words

cooling tower , water management system , local recycled water cycle , successive water use , water balance

Studies on determining thermotechnical characteristics of cooling tower filler

Summary

The results of the experimental studies on determining the process efficiency of redesigned filler in a cooling tower model are presented. The experts of «AIR» CJSC have designed and assembled an experimental cooling tower model for testing the filler and the water catcher. The instrumentation system for measuring temperature at the inlet and outlet, air temperature and humidity, air and cooling water flow rate is described. In the course of aerodynamic tests the coefficients of the filler and water catcher hydraulic resistance were determined; in the course of thermotechnical studies the cooling ability coefficient was determined. The results of the experimental studies of the filler consisting of two blocks with 0.68 m gap between them showed that the filler is of sprinkling-film type and has cooling capacity А = 0,44 l/m. The tests carried out in full-scale blocks of the filler and water catcher corresponded to the actual conditions of the cooling tower operation.

Key words

cooling tower , fill media , water catcher , hydraulic resistance coefficient , Merkel criterion , filler cooling capacity

Improving the design of mesh plastic tubular sprinklers

Summary

The results of improving the design of fill media made of mesh plastic tubes alongside with the analysis of the fill media design and process characteristics are presented. It is shown that the dominant factors affecting water cooling in fill media are the surface shape and dimensions that ensure the interaction of water and air flows. The design developed jointly by NII VODGEO OJSC and Techvodpolymer Ltd., that is the new version of Fleron long tubular mesh elements is presented. Depending on the operating conditions of the cooling tower the fill media can be installed either in horizontal, or vertical or inclined position. With specific reference it is shown that at similar water temperature at the input of the cooling tower FleronN fill media ensures 1.6 water concentrations higher compared to BO-65 basic fill media or allows to reduce cooled water temperature by 2.5°C.

Key words

cooling tower , mass transfer , cooling capacity , fill media , long mesh element , film (mesh) area