Current state of the ion exchange resin market (a review)

Summary

Widespread use of ion exchange plants for both natural water and industrial wastewater treatment is driven by the use of various ion exchange resins. It provides for selecting a unit for both complete desalination of water and selective purification depending on the demands of work. The main fields of ion exchange application are considered. The specific features of ionite selection are analyzed depending on the type of filter regeneration, filtration mode and rate. The lack of a unified classification of ion exchange resins hampers their optimal choice since the very name gives no idea of their properties, which requires careful study of the characteristics. A comprehensive analysis of the current ionite market according to the classical classification, their interchangeability, possible import phaseout has been executed. The optimal choice of an ion exchange resin with the minimum cost of the treated water is made after a comprehensive analysis of the quality indicators of the treated and source water, filtration mode, type of the plant.

Key words

selectivity , desalination , water softening , ionites , cationites , anionites , chemical softening of water , demineralization

Comparing the methods of reverse osmosis and electrodialysis in the process of natural and waste water demineralization

Summary

Water demineralization plays a key role in various industries, including energy, chemical and food industries, as well as in wastewater treatment to provide for a closed water recycling systems. The main methods of demineralization are reverse osmosis and electrodialysis. A comparative analysis of these methods is carried out in terms of their efficiency, cost-effectiveness, environmental safety and applicability in wastewater treatment. Particular attention is paid to the mechanism of the processes, energy costs, operational characteristics and requirements to water pre-treatment. Three key criteria are established needed to compare both methods considered: the need for water pre-treatment, the membrane replacement frequency, and the energy intensity of the process.

Key words

wastewater treatment , reverse osmosis , demineralization , electrodialysis , environmental aspects , impulse current