Combined facilities for wastewater treatment in Russian cities and communities

Summary

The operation of biological treatment facilities in certain regions of the Russian Federation is complicated by the low air temperature in the cold season when its value drops down to –50°С, and the raw sewage temperature drops to about 6°С. There is much tension around this issue in case of low-flow wastewater treatment. When this occurs, it is suggested to locate the treatment facilities indoors with an optimal operating temperature providing for the efficient removal of pollutants including nutrients. At the same time, in contrast to aeration facilities with alternate zones of nitri-denitrification, the main bump for the sustainable development of amino autotrophs, aminoheterotrophs and denitrifiers is provided on the biofilter bed at combined facilities, which is confirmed by the studies carried out at a number of operating treatment facilities. In addition, the use of composite materials in biofilter bed allows reducing the specific power consumption to 0.3 kW/m³. Possible processing of the bulk of wastewater from septic tanks and cesspools has also been confirmed.

Keywords

sewerage treatment facilities , combined facilities , biological processes of ammonia nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide removal , wastewater treatment in cold seasons , restoration of the technological process at outage times